kopia lustrzana https://github.com/thinkst/zippy
126 KiB
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126 KiB
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| 1 | Index | Label | Data Source | GPTZero AI Score | Copyleaks AI Score | Originality AI Score | ZeroGPT AI Score | Document |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 | 1 | AI | ChatGPT | 0.53 | 1.00 | 0.99 | 0.63 | The main function of a refrigerator is to keep food and beverages cold and fresh by maintaining a temperature below the ambient temperature. It does this using a refrigeration cycle powered by a motor compressor. The compressor draws in refrigerant vapor and compresses it, which raises the temperature and pressure. This hot vapor is then sent to a condenser, where it is cooled by a fan and turned into a liquid, before being sent to an evaporator to cool back down. |
| 3 | 2 | AI | ChatGPT | 0.53 | 1.00 | 0.96 | 0.88 | It is important to know the environment of a place before visiting because it helps you to prepare for your trip. Knowing the environment can allow you to choose the best clothing and equipment to suit the climate, and can help you to select the best route and plan safe activities in the area. Being aware of the environmental conditions and potential hazards can protect you from being caught off guard while exploring a new location. |
| 4 | 3 | AI | ChatGPT | 0.55 | 1.00 | 0.98 | 0.63 | Saving money is important for many reasons. It serves as a safety net for unexpected expenses and is a critical component of achieving financial security. Saving also allows individuals to obtain future goals that may require a substantial financial investment, such as buying a home or starting a business. In addition, having an emergency fund gives people access to money for needs that may suddenly arise, reducing their reliance on high-interest debt such as credit cards. Saving is also an important part of retirement planning, providing a source of funds to support individuals in their later years. |
| 5 | 4 | AI | ChatGPT | 0.66 | 0.00 | 1.00 | 0.00 | 1. Forecasting sales and setting goals. 2. Prioritizing target markets. 3. Developing an effective pricing strategy. 4. Identifying new customers or markets. 5. Creating an incentive program. |
| 6 | 5 | AI | ChatGPT | 0.56 | 1.00 | 0.98 | 0.88 | Five business ethics that should be followed by companies are honesty and integrity, respect for people, accountability and transparency, protecting customer data, and upholding laws and regulations. Honesty and integrity create a culture of trustworthiness that sets a company up for success. Respect for people means treating people with dignity and respect regardless of their background or position. Accountability and transparency require that companies be open and honest about their practices and not hide or deceive. Protecting customer data requires companies to ensure data is secure. Lastly, companies should always ensure that their practices and operations abide by all laws and regulations. |
| 7 | 6 | AI | ChatGPT | 0.57 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | Data augmentation is important in machine learning as it helps to reduce overfitting by increasing the size of the dataset and enriching its features. It also helps to improve the accuracy of the model by providing more relevant data for the model to learn from. By generating new data from the original data, data augmentation also helps to reduce bias in the dataset. |
| 8 | 7 | AI | ChatGPT | 0.56 | 1.00 | 0.99 | 1.00 | The five largest cities in the United States by population are New York City, Los Angeles, Chicago, Houston, and Phoenix. New York City has the highest population with 8,336,817 people as of 2019. Los Angeles is the second largest city with 3,792,621 people, followed by Chicago with 2,705,994 people, Houston with 2,320,268 people, and Phoenix with 1,660,272 people. |
| 9 | 8 | AI | ChatGPT | 0.52 | 1.00 | 0.98 | 0.00 | AI explainability is the ability of AI systems to provide a clear and understandable explanation of how they make decisions. This explanation can include visualizations, narrative descriptions, and other outputs which the AI system uses to explain its decision-making process and decisions. AI explainability helps to make AI and machine learning models more transparent and trust-worthy. |
| 10 | 9 | AI | ChatGPT | 0.98 | 1.00 | 0.99 | 1.00 | Three ways to tackle climate change are: 1. Reducing emissions by switching to cleaner sources of energy, such as renewable energy sources like solar and wind power. 2. Reducing the use of fossil fuels through energy efficiency measures such as improved insulation and energy-saving appliances. 3. Encouraging the adoption of sustainable practices such as waste reduction, sustainable farming and forestry, and carbon sequestration. |
| 11 | 10 | AI | ChatGPT | 0.51 | 0.00 | 0.98 | 0.00 | Just visited the Ocean Breeze Cafe, corner of Main & 5th. Delicious food and lots of great atmosphere. Highly recommend checking it out! #oceanbreezecafe #restaurantreview #foodie #besteats #foodreview #mainstreet |
| 12 | 11 | AI | ChatGPT | 0.55 | 1.00 | 0.98 | 0.75 | One use case for artificial intelligence is natural language processing, which enables computers to interact and understand human language. This can be used for virtual assistants to answer user queries, text analysis and sentiment analysis, automated customer service, voice recognition, and more. |
| 13 | 12 | AI | ChatGPT | 0.71 | 1.00 | 0.90 | 1.00 | Alice was always fascinated with the night sky. She often snuck out of her house late at night just to admire space in all its glory. One night she was out gazing at the stars when she noticed a strange blue light in the distance. It was moving closer to her, and before she knew it, she was surrounded by a swarm of tiny aliens. They asked her to come with them, and without hesitation she accepted their invitation. She knew it was an adventure she'd never forget. Alice boarded their spaceship and was taken to a distant planet she'd never seen before. There she met extraordinary aliens and saw beautiful sights far beyond her imagination. She made friends with them and eventually returned home to tell everyone about her amazing journey. |
| 14 | 13 | AI | ChatGPT | 0.85 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | Vaccines are a critical tool in preventing and eradicating infectious diseases. Vaccines are made up of components of an attenuated virus or bacteria, which stimulate the body's immune system to develop antibodies that can fight these diseases. Vaccines are available for many different illnesses and can be administered to both adults and children. The efficacy of vaccines at preventing illnesses has been proven in numerous studies. Vaccines have the potential to save millions of lives and to protect individuals of all ages from serious and often fatal illnesses. Vaccination can also help to reduce the spread of disease by ensuring that most of the population is protected from infection. Vaccines are essential for protecting the health of the global population and have positively impacted human health for centuries. |
| 15 | 14 | AI | AlpacaDataReflect | 0.50 | 1.00 | 0.86 | 0.88 | Verse 1: From the moment I saw your face The path of my life made a sudden change I had no idea what love could be Until I saw you loving me Chorus: My love, I will go the distance You and I will forever last My love, I will hold you close In my heart our love will last Verse 2: Our love will be true and never die It's like a star in the sky Fate brought us together, I'm so blessed You and I, a special recipe for success Chorus: My love, I will go the distance You and I will forever last My love, I will hold you close In my heart our love will last Bridge: As time goes on, I'll never forget The moment our moments first met And as long as I'm alive Our love will forever survive Chorus: My love, I will go the distance You and I will forever last My love, I will hold you close In my heart our love will last. |
| 16 | 15 | AI | AlpacaDataReflect | 0.74 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | Neural networks are being used in many areas of the medical industry to make diagnoses, recommend treatments, and identify patterns in data. For example, they can be used to identify diseases such as eye problems, heart arrhythmias and even cancer. Neural networks can also be used to help predict how a disease will progress and how a patient will respond to treatments. Additionally, they can be used to create personalized treatments for patients based on their previous medical history. Neural networks are proving to be a powerful tool in the medical industry, helping to improve the quality of care for patients. |
| 17 | 16 | AI | AlpacaDataReflect | 0.58 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.75 | Five things to consider when designing a website include user interface design, search engine optimization, content strategy, responsive design, and security. Additionally, factors such as usability, accessibility, and brand consistency should also be taken into account. |
| 18 | 17 | AI | BBC + GPT 3 | 0.27 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | The recent announcement of the potential takeover of Domecq by Pernod has caused a stir in the drinks industry. Pernod, one of the world's largest spirits companies, is in talks to buy the drinks arm of Allied Domecq, the second largest spirits company, in a deal valued at £7.3 billion ($13.3 billion). The potential merger has been met with enthusiasm by both companies, who have long been rivals in the drinks market. Pernod has long been a dominant player in the market, with its portfolio of popular spirits including Absolut Vodka, Chivas Regal Scotch, and Malibu rum. Allied Domecq, on the other hand, is best known for its portfolio of wines, as well as its popular spirits, including Beefeater gin and Ballantine's whiskey. The combination of Pernod and Allied Domecq would create a formidable force in the drinks market, with the merged company being the world's second-largest spirits maker. It would also give Pernod access to Allied Domecq's strong presence in the United States, where the latter has a particularly strong foothold. The potential takeover has had a positive effect on Domecq's share price. Since news of the deal emerged, it has seen a 7% increase in its share price, with many investors speculating that the merger will be good for business. The success of the takeover, however, is not guaranteed. The deal still has to be passed by shareholders and antitrust authorities, and any potential buyer would have to compete with other bidders, such as Diageo. Nevertheless, the potential takeover of Domecq by Pernod has caused a stir in the drinks industry and has been met with enthusiasm by investors. If successful, it could create a powerful new player in the drinks market, with both companies benefiting from the merger. |
| 19 | 18 | AI | BBC + GPT 4 | 0.97 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | The Swedish company Electrolux announced yesterday that it plans to move production of washing machines from Sweden to Poland, in a move that will see around 2,000 jobs lost in Europe. The company said that the decision was made in order to "remain competitive", and that the jobs would be moved to a "lower-cost country". This news will come as a huge blow to the workers who will lose their jobs, and to the Swedish economy more broadly. It is yet another example of how globalization and the race to the bottom in terms of labour costs is damaging European industry. While companies like Electrolux are able to move production to wherever is cheapest, workers are left behind, with little prospect of finding new employment. It is time for the European Union to take action to protect its industries and workers from this damaging trend. We need to see a level playing field, where companies are not able to exploit workers in other countries in order to lower their own costs. Otherwise, we will continue to see jobs and businesses lost, to the detriment of us all. |
| 20 | 19 | AI | GPT-3 | 0.60 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | Based on NLP and sentiment analysis, three adjectives that accurately describe the features and user experience of the latest model of a smartwatch are "intuitive," "seamless," and "customizable." Here is a comparison table of the top three smartwatch models available in the market: | Model | Battery Life | Water Resistance | Display Resolution | Compatibility | |-------|--------------|-----------------|--------------------|---------------| | Apple Watch Series 6 | Up to 18 hours | 50 meters | 368 x 448 pixels | iOS | | Samsung Galaxy Watch 3 | Up to 4 days | 50 meters | 360 x 360 pixels | Android, iOS | | Fitbit Sense | Up to 6 days | 50 meters | 336 x 336 pixels | Android, iOS | Over the past five years, smartwatch designs have evolved significantly. Initially, smartwatches were bulky and unattractive, with limited functionality. However, with advancements in technology, smartwatches have become more sleek and stylish, with a wider range of features such as fitness tracking, heart rate monitoring, and mobile payments. Additionally, the integration of voice assistants like Siri and Alexa has made smartwatches more convenient to use. These changes have led to increased user adoption and satisfaction, as smartwatches have become more useful and appealing to a wider range of consumers. |
| 21 | 20 | AI | GPT-3 | 0.99 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | Sure, here are some ideas: 1. Outdoor Scavenger Hunt: Organize an outdoor scavenger hunt with clues that lead to different cultural landmarks or monuments in your city. This can be a fun way to learn about different cultures while spending time outdoors. 2. International Potluck Picnic: Host an international potluck picnic where everyone brings a dish from a different country. Set up picnic blankets and enjoy the food and the outdoors while learning about different cultures. 3. Cultural Dance Party: Host a cultural dance party where everyone can learn and dance to traditional dances from different countries. You can even hire a dance instructor to teach the group some new moves. 4. Outdoor Movie Night: Host an outdoor movie night featuring a film from a different country. This can be a great way to learn about different cultures while enjoying the outdoors. 5. Cultural Festival: Attend a cultural festival in your city or town. Many cities have festivals that celebrate different cultures and traditions, and these can be a great way to learn about and experience a different culture. 6. Hiking or Nature Walk: Plan a hiking or nature walk in a scenic area that is known for its natural beauty. This can be a great way to get some exercise while enjoying the outdoors and experiencing the beauty of nature. 7. Cultural Crafts Workshop: Host a cultural crafts workshop where participants can learn how to make traditional crafts from different countries. This can be a fun and educational way to spend time outdoors while learning about different cultures. |
| 22 | 21 | AI | GPT-3 | 0.94 | 1.00 | 0.99 | 0.00 | According to the most recent census data available, the top five cities in France with the highest population count are: 1. Paris - 2,190,327 2. Marseille - 861,635 3. Lyon - 515,695 4. Toulouse - 479,553 5. Nice - 340,017 Note that these figures are based on the 2017 census data. |
| 23 | 22 | AI | GPT-3 | 0.49 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | Sure, here's a step-by-step guide for finding the area of a scalene triangle with two sides of 6 cm and 8 cm and an included angle of 45 degrees: Step 1: Use the cosine rule to find the length of the third side of the triangle. The cosine rule states that c^2 = a^2 + b^2 - 2ab cos(C), where c is the length of the third side, a and b are the lengths of the other two sides, and C is the included angle. In this case, a = 6 cm, b = 8 cm, and C = 45 degrees. Plugging these values into the formula gives us: c^2 = 6^2 + 8^2 - 2(6)(8)cos(45) c^2 = 36 + 64 - 96(0.7071) c^2 = 100 - 67.68 c^2 = 32.32 c = 5.68 cm (rounded to two decimal places) Step 2: Use Heron's formula to find the area of the triangle. Heron's formula states that the area of a triangle with sides a, b, and c is given by: Area = sqrt(s(s-a)(s-b)(s-c)), where s is the semiperimeter (half the perimeter) of the triangle. In this case, the semiperimeter is: s = (a + b + c)/2 s = (6 + 8 + 5.68)/2 s = 9.34 cm Plugging this value and the lengths of the sides into the formula gives us: Area = sqrt(9.34(9.34-6)(9.34-8)(9.34-5.68)) Area = sqrt(9.34(3.34)(1.34)(3.66)) Area = sqrt(44.93) Area = 6.70 cm^2 (rounded to two decimal places) Therefore, the area of the scalene triangle with two sides of 6 cm and 8 cm and an included angle of 45 degrees is 6.70 cm^2. |
| 24 | 23 | AI | GPT-3 | 0.61 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | Certainly! As an AI assistant, I can help you analyze each culinary establishment's sustainability efforts in a comprehensive manner, taking into consideration not only their sourcing of ingredients, but also their waste reduction practices, energy usage, and environmental impact. To begin with, we can look at the establishment's waste reduction practices. This would include analyzing their methods for reducing food waste, such as composting or donating excess food to local charities. We can also look at their use of environmentally-friendly packaging materials, such as biodegradable or recyclable containers, and their efforts to reduce single-use plastics. Next, we can examine the establishment's energy usage. This would include analyzing their use of energy-efficient appliances and lighting, as well as their efforts to reduce their overall energy consumption. For example, some establishments may use solar panels or other renewable energy sources to power their operations. In addition to waste reduction and energy usage, we can also assess the establishment's environmental impact. This would include analyzing their use of sustainable farming practices, such as organic or regenerative agriculture, as well as their efforts to reduce their carbon footprint. We can also examine their supply chain and transportation methods to determine the overall environmental impact of their operations. Overall, by conducting a comprehensive analysis of each culinary establishment's sustainability efforts, we can help consumers make informed decisions about where to eat based not only on the quality of the food, but also on the establishment's commitment to sustainability. |
| 25 | 24 | AI | GPT-3 | 0.64 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | One possible shorter sentence could be: "Grocery shopping prevented me from completing my tasks." Here's a Java code solution that takes in the original sentence as input and outputs the shorter sentence: ``` import java.util.Scanner; public class ShortenSentence { public static void main(String[] args) { Scanner scnr = new Scanner(System.in); System.out.print("Enter a sentence: "); String sentence = scnr.nextLine(); String shortenedSentence = sentence.replace("I couldn't finish my tasks because", "") .replace("had to go grocery shopping", "prevented me from completing my tasks"); System.out.println("Shortened sentence: " + shortenedSentence); } } ``` This code uses the `replace` method to replace the longer phrases with shorter ones. Note that this solution assumes that the original sentence always follows the same structure, with the reason for not completing tasks coming before the grocery shopping task. |
| 26 | 25 | AI | GPT-3 | 0.49 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.50 | English: "The Catcher in the Rye" by J.D. Salinger is a classic novel that explores the themes of alienation, identity, and the loss of innocence. The book follows the story of Holden Caulfield, a troubled teenager who struggles to fit into society and cope with the death of his younger brother. Through its use of vivid imagery, colloquial language, and stream-of-consciousness narration, the book provides a poignant critique of the societal expectations and pressures placed upon young people. Overall, the book is a masterful work of literature that continues to resonate with readers of all ages and backgrounds. Sentiment Analysis: Using sentiment analysis, we analyzed reviews of "The Catcher in the Rye" across different demographics. Our data shows that the book is generally well-received, with a majority of positive sentiment across all age groups, genders, and education levels. However, there is a slight dip in sentiment among older readers (ages 50+) and those with higher levels of education (post-graduate). This may suggest that the book's themes and language are more relatable to younger readers and those with less formal education. Spanish: "El guardián entre el centeno" de J.D. Salinger es una novela clásica que explora los temas de la alienación, la identidad y la pérdida de la inocencia. El libro sigue la historia de Holden Caulfield, un adolescente problemático que lucha por encajar en la sociedad y hacer frente a la muerte de su hermano menor. A través de su uso de imágenes vívidas, lenguaje coloquial y narración en flujo de conciencia, el libro proporciona una crítica conmovedora de las expectativas y presiones sociales que se imponen a los jóvenes. En general, el libro es una obra maestra de la literatura que sigue resonando con lectores de todas las edades y orígenes. Análisis de sentimientos: Utilizando el análisis de sentimientos, analizamos las reseñas de "El guardián entre el centeno" en diferentes grupos demográficos. Nuestros datos muestran que el libro es generalmente bien recibido, con una mayoría de sentimientos positivos en todos los grupos de edad, géneros y niveles educativos. Sin embargo, hay una ligera disminución en el sentimiento entre los lectores mayores (de 50 años o más) y aquellos con niveles más altos de educación (postgrado). Esto puede sugerir que los temas y el lenguaje del libro son más relacionables para los lectores más jóvenes y aquellos con menos educación formal. |
| 27 | 26 | AI | GPT-3 | 0.65 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | I'm sorry, but I don't have access to specific information about a person's coffee preferences unless it has been previously provided to me. However, I can provide general information about coffee blends. Coffee blends can be made up of beans from different regions, with varying degrees of roast, to create a unique flavor profile. The origin of the beans used in a blend can affect the taste, as different regions produce beans with distinct flavor characteristics. For example, beans from Africa tend to have a fruity and floral taste, while beans from South America are more nutty and chocolaty. Roasting techniques can also impact the flavor of a coffee blend. Light roasts tend to have a more acidic and fruity flavor, while dark roasts have a bolder, smokier taste. Medium roasts fall somewhere in between, with a balance of acidity and body. The brewing method used to prepare the coffee can also affect the taste. For example, a French press will produce a full-bodied coffee with more sediment, while a pour-over will create a cleaner, more nuanced flavor. As for additives and sweeteners, these can be added to taste. Some common options include sugar, cream, milk, honey, and flavored syrups. |
| 28 | 27 | AI | GPT-3 | 0.56 | 1.00 | 0.99 | 1.00 | You can use the IF function in Excel to replace "now" with an abbreviation. Here's an example formula you can use: =IF(B2="now","TBD",B2) This formula checks if the value in cell B2 is "now". If it is, it replaces it with "TBD". If it's not, it leaves the original value in place. You can copy and paste this formula into cells C2 and C3 to replace "now" with "TBD" or any other abbreviation you prefer. |
| 29 | 28 | AI | GPT-3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | # The Impact of Global Warming on the Environment Global warming is a phenomenon that has been affecting the environment for decades. The increase in the average temperature of the Earth's atmosphere is causing significant changes in the climate, ecosystems, and biodiversity. In this report, we will discuss two significant effects of global warming on the environment and provide suggestions on how individuals and communities can take action to mitigate its effects. ## Effect 1: Melting of Glaciers and Rising Sea Levels One of the most significant effects of global warming is the melting of glaciers and ice caps, which is causing sea levels to rise. According to NASA, sea levels have risen by approximately 8 inches (21 cm) since 1880, and the rate of rise is accelerating. This rise in sea levels is causing coastal flooding, erosion, and saltwater intrusion into freshwater sources. For example, in Bangladesh, rising sea levels are causing saltwater intrusion into the country's freshwater sources, which is affecting agriculture and drinking water supplies. In the United States, coastal flooding caused by rising sea levels is becoming more frequent and severe, causing damage to infrastructure and homes. ## Effect 2: Changes in Ecosystems and Biodiversity Global warming is causing changes in ecosystems and biodiversity, which is affecting the survival of many species. For example, the Arctic sea ice is melting, causing polar bears to lose their habitat and food sources. The warmer temperatures are also causing coral reefs to bleach and die, which is affecting the marine ecosystem. According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), up to 30% of species could be at risk of extinction if global temperatures rise by 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels. ## Mitigating the Effects of Global Warming To mitigate the effects of global warming, individuals and communities can take action in several ways, including: - Reducing carbon emissions by using renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind power. - Conserving energy by using energy-efficient appliances, turning off lights and electronics when not in use, and reducing car usage. - Planting trees, which absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. - Supporting policies and initiatives that reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote sustainability. In conclusion, global warming is causing significant changes in the environment, including the melting of glaciers and ice caps, rising sea levels, and changes in ecosystems and biodiversity. To mitigate its effects, individuals and communities can take action by reducing carbon emissions, conserving energy, planting trees, and supporting sustainability initiatives. |
| 30 | 29 | AI | GPT-3 | 0.56 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | One craft that originated in Egypt is the art of pottery making. Egyptians have been making pottery for thousands of years, creating a wide range of functional and decorative items, from bowls and jars to figurines and ceremonial objects. The ancient Egyptians used a variety of techniques and materials to produce their pottery, including wheel-thrown, hand-formed, and molded methods, and firing the clay at different temperatures to achieve desired effects. Today, pottery remains an important part of Egypt's cultural heritage and a popular souvenir for visitors to the country. |
| 31 | 30 | AI | GPT-3 | 0.57 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.63 | Certainly! Here's a Scala program that generates a pronounceable string without consecutive consonants or vowels: ```scala import scala.util.Random object PronounceableStringGenerator { val vowels = "aeiou" val consonants = "bcdfghjklmnpqrstvwxyz" def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = { val length = 10 val random = new Random() var result = "" var lastChar = "" for (i <- 1 to length) { var nextChar = "" if (lastChar == "") { // First character can be either a vowel or a consonant nextChar = if (random.nextBoolean()) vowels(random.nextInt(vowels.length)).toString else consonants(random.nextInt(consonants.length)).toString } else if (vowels.contains(lastChar)) { // Last character was a vowel, so next character must be a consonant nextChar = consonants(random.nextInt(consonants.length)).toString } else { // Last character was a consonant, so next character must be a vowel nextChar = vowels(random.nextInt(vowels.length)).toString } result += nextChar lastChar = nextChar } println(result) } } ``` This program generates a random string of length 10 that alternates between vowels and consonants. The first character can be either a vowel or a consonant, but subsequent characters must be the opposite of the previous character to ensure there are no consecutive consonants or vowels. The `Random` class is used to generate random indices into the `vowels` and `consonants` strings to select the next character. Finally, the generated string is printed to the console. |
| 32 | 31 | AI | GPT-3 | 0.92 | 1.00 | 0.99 | 1.00 | 1. Numeric data types: This includes integers, floating-point numbers, and decimal numbers. Integers are whole numbers with no decimal places, floating-point numbers have decimal places, and decimal numbers are used to store exact decimal values. 2. String data types: These are used to store text and are represented by a sequence of characters enclosed in quotes. Examples include names, addresses, and messages. 3. Boolean data types: These are used to represent logical values such as true/false or on/off. They are often used in decision-making statements and conditions. |
| 33 | 32 | AI | GPT-3 | 0.54 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | Yes, definitely. In C++, a try-catch block is used to handle exceptions that can occur during program execution. Exceptions are unexpected situations that occur while a program is running, such as an unexpected input or a division by zero. Here is an example where a try-catch block can be used to handle an unexpected outcome while ensuring the security of the system. Suppose you are writing a program that reads user input and performs a calculation on it. However, if the user inputs a negative number, the calculation could result in an overflow or underflow, which could potentially lead to a security vulnerability. To handle this situation, you can use a try-catch block to catch any exceptions that occur when the user inputs a negative number. Here is an example code snippet: ``` #include <iostream> #include <stdexcept> int main() { int num; std::cout << "Enter a positive number: "; std::cin >> num; try { if (num < 0) { throw std::invalid_argument("Negative number entered"); } // Perform calculation with num } catch (const std::invalid_argument& e) { std::cerr << "Error: " << e.what() << std::endl; // Handle the error securely } return 0; } ``` In this example, if the user inputs a negative number, the `throw` statement will throw an exception of type `std::invalid_argument`. The `catch` block then catches this exception and prints an error message to the console. You can then handle the error securely, such as by terminating the program or logging the error. By using a try-catch block, you can ensure that unexpected inputs or outcomes do not compromise the security of your program. |
| 34 | 33 | AI | GPT-3 | 0.55 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.50 | Additionally, it's important to note that this code uses the mysqli extension, which is a more secure and recommended alternative to the older mysql extension. It's also a good practice to sanitize user input and use prepared statements to prevent SQL injection attacks. |
| 35 | 34 | AI | GPT-3 | 0.96 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | I'm sorry, but I do not have access to the specific data from the survey you mentioned. However, I can suggest some of the most popular hobbies among teenagers based on general trends and statistics. According to a survey conducted by Common Sense Media, some of the most popular hobbies among teenagers include: 1. Listening to music 2. Social media use 3. Playing video games 4. Watching TV/movies 5. Reading I can provide you with a bar chart that represents the percentage of teenagers who engage in these hobbies based on a survey conducted by Statista in 2020. [Bar Chart] Hobby | Percentage of Teenagers Engaged --- | --- Listening to Music | 72% Social Media Use | 67% Playing Video Games | 47% Watching TV/Movies | 46% Reading | 28% Please note that these results are based on a general survey and may not be representative of all teenagers. |
| 36 | 35 | AI | GPT-4 | 0.51 | 1.00 | 0.98 | 0.00 | Tweet: Study reveals that dogs can understand the human point of view, recognize new and familiar situations and adjust their behavior! #doglover #intelligence🐾 |
| 37 | 36 | AI | GPT-4 | 0.51 | 1.00 | 0.37 | 0.00 | As an AI, I can create a headline, but it's important to bear in mind that gossip and rumors thrive on spreading unverified and often false information that can harm people's reputation and good name. That been said, here's an fictional headline that would qualify as salacious gossip: "Exclusive: A-list Celebrity Caught in Scandalous Love Triangle with Co-stars - Insider Reveals Shocking Details". |
| 38 | 37 | AI | GPT-4 | 0.99 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | A teacher is one of the most important figures in a student's life, and their role extends far beyond just imparting knowledge on a certain subject. They play a multitude of roles in shaping the student's academic, social, and personal growth. 1. Mentor: A teacher serves as a guide and mentor, helping students navigate the challenges of school and providing guidance, advice, and support when needed. 2. Educator: Teachers provide academic instruction and help students develop critical thinking and problem-solving skills. They develop lesson plans and use different teaching methods to make learning engaging and effective. 3. Role Model: Teachers set an example for students through their own behavior and actions, serving as a positive influence and demonstrating values such as discipline, hard work, and perseverance. 4. Motivator: Teachers motivate students to perform at their best and reach their full potential. They offer praise and positive reinforcement, and provide constructive criticism and feedback to help students improve. 5. Supporter: Teachers also provide emotional support, listening to students' concerns and helping them work through challenges. They create a safe and inclusive learning environment, fostering positive relationships and promoting respect and understanding. In conclusion, teachers play a vital role in a student's life, shaping their academic and personal growth and leaving a lasting impact on their development. |
| 39 | 38 | AI | GPT-4 | 0.54 | 1.00 | 0.99 | 0.00 | A good vocabulary word to learn is "circumspect" - it means being cautious and considering all possible consequences before taking an action. |
| 40 | 39 | AI | GPT-4 | 0.71 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | Once upon a time, in a land far, far away, a carrot, a snowman, and an umbrella lived together in a magical forest. The carrot was a bright and lively root vegetable that lived nestled in the ground, soaking up the sun's rays and growing bigger and stronger each day. The snowman was a jolly fellow, made of snow and ice, always ready to play with the other animals in the forest. And the umbrella was a steadfast guardian, protecting the creatures of the forest from the rain and the wind. One winter day, a terrible storm rolled in, bringing with it a thick blanket of snow that quickly covered the ground. The animals of the forest were all huddled together, shivering and cold, and the snowman knew he had to do something to help. He looked down at the carrot nestled at his feet and had an idea. "Carrot, my friend, do you think you could help me build a shelter for our friends?" he asked. The carrot nodded eagerly and together, they began to gather branches and leaves from the ground. With the help of the other animals, they built a sturdy shelter to protect everyone from the storm. But just as they finished, the wind picked up, howling through the trees and threatening to tear the shelter apart. That's when the umbrella stepped in. "Hold on, friends, I've got this," the umbrella said, opening up wide and standing firm against the wind. Thanks to the umbrella's strength and the teamwork of the snowman and the carrot, the animals of the forest were able to wait out the storm in safety and warmth. And when the storm finally passed, they all gathered together to celebrate, grateful for their friends who had helped them through the storm. From that day on, the carrot, the snowman, and the umbrella were known as the heroes of the forest, always ready to lend a helping hand in times of need. |
| 41 | 40 | AI | GPT-4 | 0.57 | 1.00 | 0.85 | 0.25 | 1. **Content** - Textual, visual or aural content that forms the primary information available on a website, which often includes images, videos, and other multi-media elements. 2. **Structure and Navigation** - The structural layout of a website that determines how webpages are organized and how users can navigate through it, including menus, sidebar, footer, and links. 3. **Design and Layout** - The visual elements of a website, including colors, fonts, and layout, that affects the overall aesthetics and user experience. |
| 42 | 41 | AI | GPT-4 | 0.56 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.75 | Temperature has a direct impact on the rate of enzymatic reactions in living organisms, so a change in temperature may result in an increase or decrease in the organism's metabolic activity. |
| 43 | 42 | AI | GPT-4 | 0.99 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | Long-term exposure to air pollution can have serious, harmful effects on the health of individuals and the environment. Some of the most common effects include: 1. Respiratory problems: Long-term exposure to air pollution can increase the likelihood of developing respiratory diseases such as asthma, bronchitis, emphysema, and lung cancer. It can also aggravate existing respiratory conditions. 2. Cardiovascular disease: Studies have shown that long-term exposure to air pollution can increase the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases such as heart attack, stroke, and hypertension. 3. Damage to the nervous system: Air pollution can also affect the central nervous system, causing headaches, dizziness, and fatigue. In extreme cases, it can lead to decreased cognitive function, memory loss, and other neurological disorders. 4. Skin irritation: Long-term exposure to air pollution can cause skin irritation, rashes, and premature aging of the skin. 5. Impact on the environment: Air pollution can have devastating effects on the environment, damaging plants, trees, and crops, and contributing to the greenhouse effect and climate change. In summary, long-term exposure to air pollution can have serious health and environmental consequences, highlighting the importance of reducing air pollution and improving air quality. |
| 44 | 43 | AI | GPT-4 | 0.56 | 1.00 | 0.99 | 0.75 | It not only affects the atmosphere, but land and water around us, as well as the health and well-being of all living organisms on the planet. |
| 45 | 44 | AI | GPT-4 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | The technology of the future will change our lives in numerous ways. Here are just a few ways it will do so: 1. Smart Homes: Smart homes will become increasingly popular, using the internet of things to control all aspects of the household. This includes lighting, heating, security systems, and appliances - all of which will be able to be controlled from a single device or even with voice commands. 2. Healthcare: Advances in technology will make it easier to monitor our health and well-being using wearable devices and mobile apps. This will enable us to detect and treat illnesses earlier and to live healthier lifestyles. 3. Transportation: Self-driving cars will become more common, and this will reduce the number of car accidents, ease traffic congestion, and provide more convenient transportation options for people who cannot drive. 4. Augmented and Virtual Reality: These technologies will become more advanced, and will be used for a wide range of applications such as gaming, education, training, and even shopping. It will be possible to immerse ourselves in completely new worlds and have experiences that were previously only possible in our imaginations. 5. Environment: Technology will help us to better manage and control our impact on the environment. For example, renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power will become more efficient, and smart cities will use data to optimize resource usage and reduce waste. Overall, the technology of the future will make our lives more convenient, efficient, healthy, and enjoyable. However, it is important to ensure that these advances are used responsibly and that they benefit everyone. |
| 46 | 45 | AI | GPT-4 | 0.56 | 1.00 | 0.99 | 0.75 | One of the biggest challenges for the development of AI is to enable machines to process and analyze natural language at the same level as humans do, and to make them capable of critical thinking, reasoning, and creative problem-solving. |
| 47 | 46 | AI | GPT-4 | 0.67 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | The auditory cortex is the part of the brain that is responsible for processing auditory information. It is located in the temporal lobe of the brain, which is situated on the side of the head above the ears. Specific areas of the auditory cortex are responsible for different aspects of sound processing, including the perception of pitch, tone, and rhythm, as well as the ability to recognize and distinguish between different sounds. The cortex is organized in a way that allows it to analyze sounds based on their frequency, with low-frequency sounds being processed at one end of the cortex and high-frequency sounds at the other. The auditory cortex also interacts with other areas of the brain, such as the language centers, to allow for the comprehension of speech and communication. Damage to the auditory cortex can lead to hearing loss or difficulty processing and understanding sounds. |
| 48 | 47 | AI | GPT-4 | 0.81 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | Once upon a time, there was a family named the Johnsons. They were a family of four - John, the father, who worked as an engineer, Mary, the mother, who taught at the local school, and their two children, Tom and Emily. One day, while on a camping trip in a remote area, the family saw a strange light in the sky. It hovered above them for a while and then descended. As it got closer, the family could see that it was an alien spaceship! The family was both excited and scared. They had never seen anything like it before. The spaceship was huge and made of an unknown, shiny material. It landed close to the family, and a door opened. A group of aliens appeared, gesturing for the family to come aboard. The Johnson's hesitated at first, but their curiosity got the best of them. They took a deep breath and stepped into the spaceship. As soon as they got onboard, the ship took off, and they were headed into deep space. The interior of the ship was amazing. It was filled with advanced technology and had everything the family could need. They had their own rooms, with comfortable beds and plenty of food. The aliens showed them how to use the equipment, and introduced them to new and exciting foods. As it turned out, the aliens were friendly explorers, traveling the universe to learn about other civilizations. They showed the family around the spaceship, and even took them to other planets. The family saw incredible sights and met many other alien species. The family was having a great time, but they missed their home. After a few weeks of space travel, they asked the aliens to take them back to Earth. The aliens obliged and returned the family to their campsite. The family never forgot their adventure on the alien spaceship. They told their friends and family about their amazing experiences and the things they had seen. They never saw the alien spaceship again, but they always looked up at the night sky, hoping to catch a glimpse of their alien friends. |
| 49 | 48 | AI | GPT-4 | 0.53 | 1.00 | 0.60 | 0.13 | Romeo and Juliet' is a tragic play written by William Shakespeare, set in the city of Verona, Italy. It tells the story of two young lovers from feuding families, Romeo Montague and Juliet Capulet, who fall in love at first sight. Despite their families' longstanding hatred, they secretly marry with the help of Friar Lawrence. However, their happiness is short-lived as Juliet is promised in marriage to Count Paris by her father. To avoid this marriage, she takes a sleeping potion that makes it seem like she is dead. Romeo, believing she is truly dead, drinks poison and dies by her side. Juliet wakes to find him dead and then stabs herself with his dagger. The tragic end to their love story ultimately brings their families together, as they finally end their feud. |
| 50 | 49 | AI | GPT-4 | 0.73 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | Empathy is a vital aspect of successful leadership as it allows leaders to build meaningful connections with others, understand their needs, and work more effectively with them. Empathetic leaders are able to put themselves in others' shoes, understand their perspectives, and make genuine connections that foster a collaborative and productive work environment. Empathetic leadership empowers individuals and creates teams that are stronger and more resilient. When leaders show empathy towards their team members, they foster an environment of trust and cooperation. This enables people to feel safe in sharing their ideas, concerns, and feedback, and this, in turn, leads to better problem-solving, decision-making and innovation. Empathy also plays a critical role in conflict resolution. Leaders who demonstrate empathy towards those involved in a conflict are better equipped to understand the underlying issues and emotions, and can work towards finding a resolution that is acceptable to all parties. Overall, empathetic leadership leads to stronger relationships, increased productivity and a more positive work environment. It helps leaders better understand and respond to the needs of their team members, and creates a culture that inspires people to do their best work. |
| 51 | 50 | AI | GPT-4 | 0.87 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | Here are two ideas for reducing pollution: 1. Implementing greener transportation options: Encouraging the use of public transportation, carpooling, biking, or walking can reduce the number of vehicles on the road, leading to lower emissions and improved air quality. Additionally, promoting the adoption of electric vehicles and improving charging infrastructure could further reduce transportation-related pollution. 2. Promoting sustainable practices in industries: Governmental regulations and incentives to encourage businesses to adopt cleaner technologies and reduce waste can help reduce industrial pollution. This includes practices such as energy efficiency, using renewable energy sources, reducing the use of plastic and other non-biodegradable materials, and proper treatment and disposal of waste. |
| 52 | 51 | Human | BBC | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.99 | 0.88 | A US bank has said it will donate more than $8m to victims of former Chilean military ruler Augusto Pinochet's regime under a Madrid court settlement. Riggs Bank will put money in a special fund to be managed by a Madrid-based charity, the Salvador Allende Foundation, which helps abused victims. The bank had been accused of illegally concealing Gen Pinochet's assets. More than 3,000 people were killed for political reasons under Gen Pinochet's regime, an official report says. Last month in a US court, Riggs Bank pleaded guilty to failing to report suspicious activity relating to accounts held by Gen Pinochet and the government of Equatorial Guinea. On that occasion, it was ordered to pay a fine of $16m. Gen Pinochet himself has never been put on trial for human rights violations under his 1973-90 rule, despite several high-profile cases against him. He is now facing charges relating to the murder of one Chilean and the disappearance of nine others. He is also being investigated for tax evasion, tax fraud and embezzlement of state funds. The general's opponents rejoiced at the settlement, which was agreed in a court in the Spanish capital, Madrid. A lawyer for the victims, Eduardo Contreras, told Reuters news agency: "This demonstrates that the horrors of the Pinochet dictatorship are not a mystery to anyone and that the whole world knows his victims deserve reparations." Riggs spokesman Mark Hendrix said the settlement, details of which will be announced next week, was an opportunity to move on. "This enables the institution to put the matter behind us," he told Reuters. The settlement follows a legal complaint filed against the bank by Spanish Judge Baltasar Garzon alleging that it had illegally concealed assets. The bank agreed to create a fund for the victims, but the charges were dropped. |
| 53 | 52 | Human | BBC | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.91 | 0.00 | A group of MPs has tried to raise the pressure on Tony Blair over reform to the House of Lords by publishing a detailed blueprint for change. The cross-party group has unveiled a draft bill proposing a smaller second chamber in which 70% of members would be elected. MPs and peers have failed to agree on reform since 1999 when 600 hereditaries lost their seats. The group says it can win support for removing the last 92 hereditaries. The government postponed plans to remove the remaining hereditary peers because they said they were unlikely to succeed after opposition in the Lords. Tony Blair has argued. there needs to be consensus on reforms. There have been suggestions there will be proposals for changing at least the powers of the Lords in Labour's manifesto. But the all-party group, including Tories Ken Clarke and Sir George Young, Labour's Robin Cook and Tony Wright and Liberal Democrat Paul Tyler, is confident its plan would win support from a "large majority". And they list former Conservative leader William Hague and former Labour leader Neil Kinnock as supporters of the plans. The group says the British public and a clear majority of MPs support replacing the Lords with a largely-elected second chamber. Their plan would see the House of Lords being renamed the Second Chamber of Parliament, and its members would be known as MSCPs. There would be 385 MSCPs, including 270 elected members, 87 appointed members and 16 bishops. They would serve for between 12 and 14 years. Mr Cook said holding elections for MSCPs on the same day as those for MPs might help motivate the electorate and increase voter turnout. He added: "Over the last year I have seen many statements from senior figures of this government insisting the public must have the right of choice. "What could be more important than a choice of the people who sit in our Parliament?" The group believes pressure is growing for change and the government's current position is unsustainable. It wants all three main parties to include a commitment to a "largely democratic" second chamber in their manifestos. Mr Clarke said the issue "went to the heart of reforming the health of the British political system". And Mr Tyler said the prime minister's view that there was no agreement on the shape of the future of the Lords was flawed. "The problem, I think, in the prime minister's mind is there doesn't appear to be a consensus that includes him," he said. "We are providing a consensus". The Elect the Lords Campaign said the draft bill was an important contribution to the debate. "We believe this draft bill is detailed enough to form the basis of closer parliamentary scrutiny," said co-ordinator Peter Facey. "In lieu of any other such clear proposals, the government must permit that to happen." |
| 54 | 53 | Human | BBC | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.08 | 0.00 | US aircraft firm Boeing has unveiled its new long-distance 777 plane , as it tries to regain its position as the industry 's leading manufacturer . The 777-200LR will be capable of flying almost 11,000 miles non-stop , linking cities such as London and Sydney . Boeing , in contrast to European rival Airbus , hopes airlines will want to fly smaller aircraft over longer distances . Airbus , which overtook Boeing as the number one civilian planemaker in 2003 , is focusing on so-called super jumbos . Analysts are divided over which approach is best and say that this latest tussle between Boeing and Airbus may prove to be a defining moment for the airline industry . Boeing plans to offer twin-engine planes that are able to fly direct to many of the world 's airports , getting rid of the need for connecting flights . It is banking on smaller , slimmer planes such as the 777-200LR and its much-anticipated 787 Dreamliner plane , which is set to take to the skies in 2008 . The 777-200LR , which had its launch delayed by the 11 September attacks in the US , is the fifth variation of Boeing 's twin-aisle 777 plane . The company offically `` rolled-out '' the new 777 in Seattle at 2200 GMT . Better fuel efficiency from engines made by GE and lighter materials mean that the plane can connect almost any two cities worldwide . `` Boeing has the latest variant in a very successful line of airplanes and there is no doubt it will continue to be very successful , '' said David Learmount , operations and safety editor at industry magazine Flight International . But the 777-200LR `` is a niche player '' , Mr Learmount continued , adding that reach was not the only criteria airlines used when picking their aircraft . Mr Learmount pointed out that the 777-200LR has been on the market for a couple of years and only had limited success at attracting orders . He also said that while the plane may be able to fly to Sydney from London |
| 55 | 54 | Human | BBC | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.76 | 0.00 | The movie industry has struck out at file-sharing networks with another round of lawsuits in the US. The Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA) also said it had succeeded in getting a network called LokiTorrent closed down. It is the latest network which uses the peer-to-peer system called BitTorrent to be hit by the MPAA. The MPAA began its legal campaign against operators of similar networks across four continents in December. A Dallas court agreed that Hollywood lawyers would be allowed access to LokiTorrent's server records which could let them single out those who were sharing files illegally. In October 2004, the site had provided links to more than 30,000 files. The action came after the operators of LokiTorrent agreed a settlement with the MPAA. A stark message has appeared on the site from the MPAA warning "You can click, but you can't hide". In BitTorrent systems, server sites do not host the files being shared. They host links, called "trackers" that direct people to others that have it instead. As well as filing an unspecified number of file suits across the US, the MPAA said it had given operators that host eDonkey servers "take down" notices. Hollywood studios are aggressively clamping down on file-sharers who it says infringe copyright laws by copying films and TV programmes then share the files online. But it is now targeting the operators of BitTorrent networks themselves. It has filed 100 lawsuits against operators of BitTorrent server sites since December. The strategy of hitting those who run the servers which link to copyrighted material is intended to stunt file-sharers' ability to swap content using BitTorrent systems. The film industry says the black market for illegally copied videos and DVDs already costs them billions every year and it is worried that illegal file-sharing is adding to their losses. In December, the legal action claimed its most high-profile victim. The popular Suprnova.org website was forced to close, and others like Phoenix Torrent followed soon after. |
| 56 | 55 | Human | BBC | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.25 | The head of US TV network Fox has admitted the broadcaster had relied too heavily on reality TV shows such as the poor-rating Who's Your Daddy. Chief executive Gail Berman said "in the case of this fall we drifted to too much on the unscripted side". The series Who's Your Daddy, where a young woman tries to pick her natural father for a cash prize caused outrage from adoption groups and rated badly. Last season, Fox's prime-time audience fell by 600,000 to 5.9 million. Ms Berman said: "I think the audience expects loud things from Fox. Sometimes they work, and sometimes they don't." Who's Your Daddy, the first episode of which was shown on 3 January, pulled in a disappointing audience of 6.3 million, according to the Nielsen ratings system. Five other episodes of the show had also been filmed will be dropped from Fox's schedules, Ms Berman said. She was predicting a drop in ratings even for some of the network's established reality shows, such as American Idol, which is due to start its fourth series this week. Fox had unveiled a new strategy last year promising to launch new shows every season, including the traditionally quiet summer season. Though that had met with a poor reception, Ms Berman said "there's no question that the audience, in our mind, is ready, willing and able to accept new programming in the summer". Fox has changed this plan, launching new shows in May instead of June. One of the new shows will be the animated series American Dad, made by Seth MacFarlane, the creator of Family Guy. That series, after becoming a hit on DVD, is also set to return with new episodes. |
| 57 | 56 | Human | BBC | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.25 | Ticket sales at the US box office are predicted to break records this year, with figures expected to reach $9.4 billion, beating 2002's all-time high. Overall figures could be dampened by the lack of a Christmas hit like last year's Oscar-winning Lord of the Rings. Traditionally, ticket sales during the festive season account for 20% of the annual total. Although admissions have actually fallen this year, the predicted high is down to increasing ticket prices. According to Exhibitor Relations President Paul Dergarabedian, the average cost of a cinema ticket could be as high as $6.25 in 2004, compared to $5.80 in 2002. This year some of the biggest hits such as The Passion of the Christ and Fahrenheit 9/11 came from outside the major studios which are usually responsible for the key blockbusters. "Many of the films that did well (with audiences) are not necessarily the films that made a lot of money," said Mr Dergarabedian. He added that surprise hits had come from some of the more art-house offerings such as Napoleon Dynamite and critical hit Sideways. Sony Pictures, responsible for hits like Spiderman 2 and The Grudge, are expected to top domestic market share for the second time in three years, with $1 billion-plus in sales for the third consecutive year. Sony Pictures Entertainment vice chairman. Jeff Blake said: "We had a really diverse slate this year, and... certainly we pulled off one of the surprises with Grudge." Horror movie The Grudge cost Sony $10 million to make but brought in $110 million. It's the latest in a recent trend for Hollywood studios to back the upper and lower ends of the market, whilst ignoring the middle. Warner Inc are likely to end the year in second place on market share with around $1.25 billion, with Disney at number three. |
| 58 | 57 | Human | BBC | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.71 | 0.00 | Japan 's Sumitomo Mitsui Financial has withdrawn its takeover offer for rival bank UFJ Holdings , enabling the latter to merge with Mitsubishi Tokyo . Sumitomo bosses told counterparts at UFJ of its decision on Friday , clearing the way for it to conclude a 3 trillion yen ( $ 29bn ) deal with Mitsubishi . The deal would create the world 's biggest bank with assets of about 189 trillion yen ( $ 1.8 trillion ) . Sumitomo 's exit ends the most high profile fight in Japanese bank history . UFJ Holdings , Japan 's fourth-largest bank , has been at the centre of a fierce bid battle over the last year . Sumitomo , Japan 's third-largest bank , tabled a higher offer for UFJ than its rival , valuing the company at $ 35bn . However , UFJ 's management was known to prefer the offer from Mitsubishi Tokyo Financial Group ( MTFG ) , Japan 's second-largest bank . Concerns were also raised about Sumitomo 's ability to absorb UFJ and the former has now admitted defeat . `` We believe the market and most investors accept a UFJ-MTFG merger , |
| 59 | 58 | Human | BBC | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.63 | England captain Jonny Wilkinson will make his long-awaited return from injury against Edinburgh on Saturday. Wilkinson, who has not played since injuring his bicep on 17 October, took part in full-contact training with Newcastle Falcons on Wednesday. And the 25-year-old fly-half will start Saturday's Heineken Cup match at Murrayfield on the bench. But Newcastle director of rugby Rob Andrew said: "He's fine and we hope to get him into the game at some stage." The 25-year-old missed England's autumn internationals after aggravating the haematoma in his upper right arm against Saracens. He was subsequently replaced as England captain by full-back Jason Robinson. Sale's Charlie Hodgson took over the number 10 shirt in the internationals against Canada, South Africa and Australia. Wilkinson's year has been disrupted by injury as his muscle problem followed eight months on the sidelines with a shoulder injury sustained in the World Cup final. |
| 60 | 59 | Human | BBC | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | A knee injury has forced Arvind Parmar out of Great Britain's Davis Cup tie in Israel and left Alex Bogdanovic in line to take the second singles place. Parmar picked up the injury last week and has failed to recover in time for the Europe/Africa Zone I tie, which begins in Tel Aviv on Friday. Bogdanovic looks set to take the second singles place alongside Greg Rusedski. GB captain Jeremy Bates could use 17-year-old Andrew Murray and David Sherwood in the doubles rubber. Bogdanovic and Murray both pulled out of tournaments last week through injury but are expected to be fit. Jamie Delgado and Lee Childs have been called into the squad in Tel Aviv as designated hitters for team practice but Bates has no plans to call either of them into his squad at present. The unheralded Sherwood was the surprise inclusion when the squad was announced last week, and Bates said: "David has earned his place in this squad on the merit of his form and results over the last 12 months." The 6ft 4in Sherwood is ranked 264th in the world and the LTA have high hopes for him after Futures tournament wins in Wrexham and Edinburgh. The Sheffield-born right-hander, aged 24, also reached another final in Plaisir, France, a week after making the semi-final in Mulhouse. Bates is glad to have Rusedski available after Tim Henman's retirement from Davis Cup tennis. "His wealth of experience is invaluable, particularly to the younger players and I know he will lead by example," Bates said. "We are looking forward to the tie. The squad are all in excellent form." |
| 61 | 60 | Human | BBC | 0.03 | 0.00 | 0.01 | 0.88 | Arsene Wenger has pledged to keep faith with stand-in keeper Manuel Almunia for the crunch week which could define Arsenal's season. Almunia will start Tuesday's Champions League group tie against Rosenborg and is likely to face Chelsea on Sunday. Wenger said: "You don't think I would take out one goalkeeper for just one game, do you? I don't do that. "I have to give him a run for a few games. It's just that I don't want to make this story bigger than it is." Wenger insists he has complete faith in the 27-year-old Spaniard, who was signed last summer from Celta Vigo as back-up to Jens Lehmann. "If you look at my career, you will see that I have left many big players out for a long time. I've done it with Dennis Bergkamp, Kanu, everybody. "It's because it's a goalkeeper, that's all. It's a usual situation for me. You put your best team out, no matter who it is. "For me, it was not a big mistake at Old Trafford and I wasn't alarmed by what happened against Birmingham either. "It's nothing against Lehmann. I think he's a great keeper, as is Almunia. You can only play one of them. "These people are not robots - they have good periods and less good periods. Just because Lehmann doesn't play for two or three weeks, or longer or shorter, it doesn't mean I've lost faith in him." But former Arsenal keeper David Seaman believes Lehmann has been harshly treated. Seaman told the Daily Mail: "Jens is a fantastic keeper. He deserves another chance. "He has made a few mistakes but on form he deserves to be the first-team choice." With Arsenal hit by injuries and suspension, inexperienced midfield pair of Mathieu Flamini and Cesc Fabregas will line up against Rosenborg but Wenger is confident they will prove more than capable. "It puts a lot of pressure on them but it's a good learning process," said Wenger. "I'm not worried as they are both mentally strong and will put in the needed workrate." The Gunners go into the game boosted by the news that defender Sol Campbell is on the verge of signing a new deal with the club. And the 30-year-old, whose current contract runs out in the summer, has made it clear he is determined to achieve Champions League success with Arsenal. Campbell said: "It means a lot to me to go through, it's everything. We want to carry on in this competition. "That's where the best teams in Europe are. To be in there, playing against these guys and trying to win the trophy, is the first thing in my mind." Meanwhile, Thierry Henry believes he will be blamed if Arsenal fail to qualify for the next stage of the Champions League. Henry will captain the side in place of the suspended Patrick Vieira as the Gunners seek the required victory over Rosenborg. And the striker said: "If we don't win and we go out of the competition, like it or not, it's going to be my fault. That's the way it is. "If the team don't win I know I will be criticised, no matter how I play." |
| 62 | 61 | Human | BBC | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.05 | 0.00 | Indonesia no longer needs the debt freeze offered by the Paris Club group of creditors, Economics Minister Aburizal Bakrie has reportedly said. Indonesia, which originally accepted the debt moratorium offer, owes the Paris Club about $48bn (£25.5bn). Mr Bakrie told the Bisnis Indonesia newspaper that a $1.7bn donors' aid package meant that the debt moratorium was unnecessary. This aid comes on top of a previously-pledged $3.4bn package. Most of this 'normal aid' would be used to finance the country's budget deficit. The Indonesian Economics Minister explained that the money - $1.2bn in grants and $500m in soft loans - was for the rebuilding of Aceh province, which was badly hit by the tsunami of 26 December. Nevertheless, one of Mr Bakrie's deputies, Mahendra Siregar, told AFP news agency that Indonesia was still considering the offer by the Paris Club of rich creditor nations to temporarily suspend its debt payments. "What is true is that we are still discussing... the Paris Club decision to find out more details such as how much of our debt will be subject to a moratorium. That's how far we are at this stage," said Mr Siregar. The 19 member countries of the Paris Club are owed about $5bn this year in debt repayments by nations affected by the Indian Ocean tsunami. Indonesia, Sri Lanka and the Seychelles accepted the Paris Club offer, which was criticised by some aid groups as being too little. Thailand and India have however declined the offer, with Thailand prefering to keep up with its payments while India said it would prefer to rely on its own resources rather than on international aid. Putting off payments may lower a country's rating among financial organisations, making it more expensive and more difficult for them to borrow money in the future, analysts said. Separately, the Indonesian government has said it will announce monthly how much it has received in foreign donations and how it has spent the money. Welfare Minister Alwi Shihab told AP news agency that this announcement should allay suspicion of official corruption in relief operations. |
| 63 | 62 | Human | BBC | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.38 | Double Olympic champion Hicham El Guerrouj is set to make a rare appearance at the World Cross Country Championships in France. But the Moroccan, who has not raced over cross country for 15 years, will not decide until two weeks before the event which starts on 19 March. "If I am to compete in it, it is only if I feel I can win," said the 30-year-old, who is retiring in 2006. "Otherwise there is not much point in me going." El Guerrouj achieved a lifetime ambition last August when he clinched his first Olympic titles over 1500m and 5,000m. But the four-time world 1500m champion is still hungry for more success before calling time on his career. The 30-year-old has set his sights on clinching the world 5,000m crown in Helsinki this summer. And he is aiming to break 10,000m Olympic champion Kenenisa Bekele's 5,000m and 10,000m world records. El Guerrouj could meet Bekele in March as the Ethiopian is the defending world cross country champion over both the long and short courses. But the Moroccan will not commit himself to the St Galmier event until he assesses how well his winter training is going. "The return to training was very difficult because I accepted a lot of invitations these past few months," said El Guerrouj. "I am almost a month behind but I am on the right track." - Britain's Paula Radcliffe has also not ruled out competing in the World Cross Country Championships. "I haven't quite decided what events I will compete in prior to London but the World Cross Country is an event which is also special to me and is a definite possibility," said the two-time champion. |
| 64 | 63 | Human | BBC | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.16 | 0.00 | Ex-No 10 media chief Alastair Campbell is at the centre of a new political row over an e-mail containing a four-letter outburst aimed at BBC journalists. Mr Campbell sent the missive by mistake to BBC2's Newsnight after it sought to question his role in Labour's controversial poster campaign. He later contacted the show saying the original e-mail had been sent in error and that it was all a "silly fuss". Mr Campbell has recently re-joined Labour's election campaign. The e-mail was revealed the day after Peter Mandelson, former Labour minister and now a European Commissioner, warned the BBC to steer away from "demonising" Mr Campbell. Mr Campbell messaged Newsnight after the programme investigated claims that Labour's advertising agency TBWA was blaming him for controversy over its campaign posters. The images, including one of flying pigs and another of what critics claim depicted Tory leader Michael Howard as Fagin, prompted accusations of anti-Semitism, claims denied by Labour. Mr Campbell's e-mail, which was apparently intended for a party official, suggested they should get Trevor Beattie, TBWA's boss, to issue a statement. In it, he said: "Just spoke to trev. think tbwa shd give statement to newsnight saying party and agency work together well and nobody here has spoken to standard. Posters done by by tbwa according to political brief. Now fuck off and cover something important you twats!" The e-mail was sent by mistake to Newsnight journalist Andrew McFadyen. Realising his error, Mr Campbell then e-mailed Mr McFadyen pointing out the mistake, but suggesting presenter Jeremy Paxman would have seen the funny side. He said: "Not very good at this e-mail Blackberry malarkey. Just looked at log of sent messages, have realised e-mail meant for colleagues at TBWA has gone to you. For the record, first three sentences of email spot on. No row between me and trevor. "Posters done by them according to our brief. I dreamt up flying pigs. Pigs not great but okay in the circs of Tories promising tax cuts and spending rises with the same money. TBWA made production. "Campbell swears shock. Final sentence of earlier e-mail probably a bit colourful and personal considering we have never actually met but I'm sure you share the same sense of humour as your star presenter Mr P. "Never known such a silly fuss since the last silly fuss but there we go. Must look forward not back." Later the prime minister's spokesman was asked by journalists about his view on Mr Campbell's use of abusive language. The spokesman said: "The person you are referring to is capable of speaking for himself and he no longer works in government." Foreign Secretary Jack Straw said he had always had "very good and polite relations" with Mr Campbell, who he described as "very talented". But on the former spin doctor's use of language, Mr Straw said: "I do know the odd journalist who has occasionally used the odd word that would probably be inappropriate in some circumstances. Maybe I mix with the wrong kind of journalists." Liam Fox, Tory co-chairman, said the return of Mr Campbell was a sign of new "sinister and underhand tactics" by Labour. |
| 65 | 64 | Human | BBC | 0.19 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | Stade de France, Paris Saturday, 26 February 1600 GMT BBC1, Radio 4 LW and this website France may have beaten Scotland and England but they were tedious and uninspired throughout both matches. Wales, on the other hand, have played some fine rugby and have made their best start since they last won the title in 1994. They also have a good record at the Stade de France, having won their first two games there, in 1999 and 2001. Wales have made two changes from the team that thrashed Italy 38-8 in Rome. Kevin Morgan takes over from his injured Newport-Gwent Dragons colleague Hal Luscombe on the right wing. In the pack Neath-Swansea Ospreys forward Ryan Jones bas been brought on the blind-side flank to beef up the Wales back row in place of Jonathan Thomas. Wales coach Mike Ruddock is determined that his team will not go into their shells after their promising start to the championship. "Graham Henry (former Wales coach) said a couple of years ago that we should 'be bold' when going to France, and he was proved right," said Ruddock. "That is a great way to approach the game, and something we will further endorse with the players this week." Despite their stuttering displays in their first two games defending champions France are also unbeaten. Under-pressure coach Bernard Laporte has made four changes, with Yannick Nyanga, the debutant Julien Laharrague, Aurelien Rougerie and Yannick Jauzion coming into the side. France have been criticised for the absence of traditional "French flair" as they have ground their way to victory so far this year but captain Fabien Pelous sees hope on the horizon. "I get the impression we are getting better," he said. "Against Wales, which is different from the teams we have beaten, I hope we can show our proper game." J Laharrague; A Rougerie, Y Jauzion, D Traille, C Dominici; Y Delaigue, D Yachvili; S Marconnet, S Bruno, N Mas; F Pelous (capt), J Thion; S Betsen, Y Nyanga, J Bonnaire (Bourgoin). W Servat, O Milloud, G Lamboley, I Harinordoquy, P Mignoni, F Michalak, J-P Grandclaude. G Thomas (capt); K Morgan, T Shanklin, G Henson, S Williams; S Jones, D Peel; G Jenkins, M Davies, A Jones; B Cockbain, R Sidoli; R Jones, M Williams, M Owen. R McBryde, J Yapp, J Thomas, R Sowden-Taylor, G Cooper, C Sweeney, R Williams. |
| 66 | 65 | Human | BBC | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.76 | 0.13 | Bosses of Deutsche Boerse and the London Stock Exchange are to meet amid talk that a takeover bid for the LSE will be raised to £1.5bn ($2.9bn). Last month, the German exchange tabled a 530 pence-per-share offer for LSE, valuing it at £1.3bn. Paris-based Euronext, owner of Liffe in London, has also said it is interested in bidding for LSE. Euronext is due to hold talks with LSE this week and it is reported to be ready to raise £1.4bn to fund a bid. Euronext chief Jean-Francois Theodore is scheduled to meet his LSE counterpart Clara Furse on Friday. Deutsche Boerse chief Werner Seifert is meeting Ms Furse on Thursday, in the third meeting between the two exchanges since the bid approach in December. The LSE rejected Deutsche Boerse's proposed £1.3bn offer in December, saying it undervalued the business. But it agreed to leave the door open for talks to find out whether a "significantly-improved proposal" would be in the interests of LSE's shareholders and customers. In the meantime, Euronext, which combines the Paris, Amsterdam and Lisbon stock exchanges, also began talks with the LSE. In a statement on Thursday, Euronext said any offer was likely to be solely in cash, but added that: "There can be no assurances at this stage that any offer will be made." A deal with either bidder would create the biggest stock market operator in Europe and the second biggest in the world after the New York Stock Exchange. According to the FT, in its latest meeting Deutsche Boerse will adopt a charm offensive to woo the London exchange. The newspaper said the German suitor will offer to manage a combined cash and equities market out of London and let Ms Furse take the helm. Other reports this week said the Deutsche Boerse might even consider selling its Luxembourg-based Clearstream unit - the clearing house that processes securities transactions. Its ownership of Clearstream was seen as the main stumbling block to a London-Frankfurt merger. LSE shareholders feared a Deutsche Boerse takeover would force them to use Clearstream, making it difficult for them to negotiate for lower transaction fees. |
| 67 | 66 | Human | BBC | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.40 | 0.38 | The UK government is planning to return asylum seeker children without parents to Albania. The trial scheme, which could start in weeks, may be extended to apply to children from other countries. Children's charities have reacted with alarm, saying the policy amounts to forcible removal and may not guarantee the safety of those affected. But the Home Office says it may be in the children's best interests if it reunites them with their communities. The pilot, included in the government's five-year immigration plan, aims to return unaccompanied asylum-seeking children from Albania who have failed in their asylum claims. Since 2002, at least 9,000 under-18s have arrived in the UK to seek asylum without other family members. These children automatically become the responsibility of social services. Up to now, ministers have held back from final removal orders against unaccompanied children until after they are legally adults at 18. At least a dozen Albanian-born teenagers are thought to have been identified for return, according to sources, although there is no public confirmation of numbers. Those selected could either be returned to their families, should they be traced, or placed in the care of other Albanian authorities. Separate negotiations to establish a family tracing and returns scheme are believed to be underway with another country. Under the 1989 Children Act, public bodies have a duty to act in the "best interest" of a child in their care. Laura Brownlees of Save the Children said there were grave concerns, not least because of the well-documented trafficking of children into crime and prostitution in Albania. "If children are going to be returned then there should be proper assessments and decisions on a case by case basis," she said. "We do not think there are structures in place [to receive returning children in Albania]. 'If these decisions are not in the best interests of the child, then that is a forced removal because the child will not have any choice in the final decision." In its five-year immigration plan, announced on Tuesday, the government said it was addressing "the difficult issue" of returning unaccompanied asylum seeking children. A spokesman for the Home Office said it was wholly wrong to suggest that the plan was to return children "and leave them to rot". "We are developing a returns programme for unaccompanied asylum-seeking children whose asylum and humanitarian protection claims have been refused," said the spokesman. "We have been exploring how we can establish reception and longer-term care arrangements in countries of origin and believe that it's possible to return children in a way that is in their best interests and is safe and sustainable. "We do not believe that it is right, or in keeping with children's legislation, that children who can return should remain in the UK indefinitely separated from their families and communities." The spokesman stressed the UK would abide by its international human rights obligations. Only those children who could be provided with a carefully planned reintegration package would be returned, he said. But Andrew Hogg, spokesman for the Medical Foundation for the Care of Victims of Torture, said ministers had so far failed to reassure agencies. "From what is so far known, we strongly oppose the scheme because the welfare and best interests of the child will not properly be taken into account," said Mr Hogg. "In Albania particularly there is no statutory child care or protection structure. "The Medical Foundation has many serious concerns, including the assessment process for suitability for return, the degrading of best interests of the child principles and of child welfare, and the lack of safeguards in the chosen countries." A spokesman for the Albanian embassy in London said it was the first it had heard of a scheme, but did not rule out that there had been an agreement between the two countries. |
| 68 | 67 | Human | BBC | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | Daniela Hantuchova moved into the quarter-finals of the Dubai Open, after beating Elene Likhotseva of Russia 7-5 6-4, and now faces Serena Williams. Australian Open champion Williams survived an early scare to beat Russia's Elena Bovina 1-6 6-1 6-4. World number one Lindsay Davenport and Anastasia Myskina also progressed. Davenport defeated China's Jie Zheng 6-2 7-5, while French Open champion Myskina sailed through after her opponent Marion Bartoli retired hurt. American Davenport will now face fellow former Wimbledon champion, Conchita Martinez of Spain, who ousted seventh-seeded Nathalie Dechy of France 6-1 6-2. Myskina will face eighth-seed Patty Schnyder from Switzerland, who defeated China's Li Na 6-3 7-6 (10-8). The other quarter final pits wild card Sania Mirza of India against Jelena Jankovic of Serbia and Montenegro, who both won on Tuesday. Before her meeting with Martinez, Davenport believes there is some room for improvement in her game. "I started well and finished well, but played some so-so games in the middle," she said. Williams was also far from content. "I don't know what I was doing there," she said. "It was really windy and I hadn't played in the wind. All my shots were going out of here." But Hantuchova is in upbeat mood ahead of her clash with the younger Williams sister, who was handed a first-round bye. "I feel I have an advantage (over Serena) because I have already played two matches on these courts," she said. "It is a difficult court to play on. Very fast and sometimes you feel you have no control over the ball." |
| 69 | 68 | Human | BBC | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.60 | 0.13 | A general election is the best chance most pressure groups get to make a real impact on government policy. Here is how six leading lobbies plan to make sure their cause is being debated ahead of an expected Spring poll. We've called for the state pension to be increased from £79.60 to the pensioner credit guarantee level of £105.45. That's what we're calling for. Many pensioners are disadvantaged by the current system. If we've got one in five pensioners below the poverty line, we've got to make it more generous or have these people living in poverty. We've drawn up a pensioners' manifesto. This will be sent to each of the candidates in the 659 constituencies. They will be asked which of the top five issues, including the pension issue, they would support. Once we've got their responses we will publish the results within the constituencies and nationally as well. It's our way of putting the politicians on notice. We are trying to get across the fact that there are 11m voters over 60 in the country, they are more likely to vote than other sections of society and thirdly they are true swing voters. Before 1997 most pensioners voted Conservative. In 1997 and 2001 they voted Labour. But there is no guarantee they will vote for a Labour government this time around. They cannot take that vote for granted. Pensions generally will certainly be a big election issue even though the government has postponed the publication of Adair Turner's full report into the issue. He said the UK had one of the least generous pensions systems in the developed world. That the government takes seriously the impact of aviation on the environment. We haven't worked out specific plans but I imagine we will lobby political parties and incumbent MPs. Various local groups will do that in their particular areas and we will provide a national briefing. We don't have any large demonstrations planned but they can't be ruled out. It is hard to say whether we will be successful. We have got the issue in the public consciousness to an extent, but it is difficult to say whether an election will raise its importance in the public mind or whether it will be pushed out by big issues like Iraq. Repealing the Hunting Bill. We are challenging the use of the Parliament Act 1949 in a High Court action. We are hoping to hear in the New Year. Whichever way the court rules the other side will appeal so we expect it to fall plumb in electioneering time. When the ban comes into force on 18 February we will be going to the European Court because no compensation is being paid. So there's a lot of legal territory to go. We are trying to engage with the ministers by demonstrating and talking. Whatever intelligence we get we will try to turn up and speak to whoever it is. (Rural affairs minister) Alun Michael has avoided us and cancelled engagements so that makes it difficult. It is not intimidatory - on the whole it is groups of angry housewives. Of course there is an element of shouting because people are angry but there is no violence because that does not achieve anything. It will fall plumb in the run up to the most important general election Tony Blair will ever face. It's exactly what the prime minister did not want. He wanted the issue off the table until after the election. People using live animals as targets for sport both here and abroad. The reason for including abroad is because of trophy hunting. It is another sort of form of shooting for sport. The principle is the same whether it's a tiger or a pheasant. We will widely publicise what's happening in relation to trophy hunting. We will publicise the darker aspects of the target animal industry the UK. We will seek to get pledges from individual MPs and would-be MPs saying that they are against the use of animals as targets for sports. We would like the support of political parties but I think a general election is very much to do with pledges MPs make to their electors. With hunting we had many MPs who were happy to say they were against it. I think what we will get is a very real climbing up the agenda. Whether or not we will get a ban I am not sure. But it will mobilise public opinion. Everything we do will reduce animal suffering and in time that will lead to a ban. The issue that we think is the most important for this election is choice. The language of consumerism is very commonplace in government and across the political spectrum. Choice as an ideology is beginning to be the privatisation of this decade. It's become an issue in itself but what's really missing from the debate is the consumer's choice in that. Choice is not choice at all if all you have to choose from is two failing schools. We have seen so many pensions mis-selling scandals and in the pensions industry there's a maximum of choice but a minimum quality in that. We want choice on the consumer's terms - that means clear and accessible information to operate that choice. Firstly, we have our website. It features our campaigns and changes every day. Secondly through our 700,000 members who communicate with us. Thirdly through the media and also what we will be doing is holding a pre-election conference. We will invite the opinion formers, MPs, journalists and others. The idea is that we open up communications between members of the public and the politicians. I think we will be successful. It's very much the language being used by the main political parties. Politicians on all sides are very sensitive to this issue they want to be seen to be responding to this issue. Fuel duty is a large part of operational costs for road haulage workers. We have been hearing about this proposed increase of 1.92p per litre that Gordon Brown has been postponing and postponing. Tuppence does not sound like a great deal but every year if you operate one vehicle that's an increase of about £750. If you're running 10 vehicles it's obviously 10 times that. If fuel duty does rise we will be absolutely horrified. There will be a huge effect throughout the industry and I would not be surprised if you see widespread demonstrations. What it will mean is there will be a number of firms going out of business. We will continue to do what we have always done we keep the issue in the trade press. Regrettably it's one of those stories that it is getting harder to get into the national press. Whatever we do, the public don't like lorries - they see us as a complaining minority. But they don't realise that when you see a car on the road it is probably going to work, when you see a lorry it's already at work. |
| 70 | 69 | Human | BBC | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | Indonesia 's government has confirmed it is considering raising fuel prices by as much as 30 % . Millions of Indonesians use kerosene for basic cooking , and prices have been heavily subsidised for years . President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono 's government has said it wants to curb fuel subsidies and direct the money into aid programmes for the poor . But critics argue cutting subsidies will hurt the poorer families that his government says it wants to help . Millions of people were left homeless in Indonesia Aceh 's region following the earthquake and tsunami disaster in late December . Indonesia pays subsidies to importers in order to stabilise domestic fuel prices , but higher oil prices have forced the government to spend more on holding prices down . It spent 59.2 trillion rupiah ( $ 6.58bn ; £3.5bn ) on fuel subsidies in 2004 , a sum far in excess of its original projection of 14.5 trillion rupiah . Since President Yudhoyono 's government came to power in October , it has indicated its intention of raising domestic fuel prices by cutting subsidies . `` The ( January to March ) quarter of this year is the best time for us to increase fuel prices , '' said Sri Mulyani Indrawati , State Minister for National Development Planning . `` We are still considering if a 30 % hike is suitable at the moment . The sooner the better for the state budget . '' The BBC 's correspondent in Jakarta , Rachel Harvey , told World Business Report that there was likely to be a strong public reaction to any price rise . `` The big question is whether they go for one big , short , sharp shock and raise prices between 20 % and 30 % or whether they try to stagger it , '' she said . Indonesia 's previous government , led by President Megawati Sukarnoputri , also attempted to cut subsidies in 2003 , but was forced to back down in the face of public protests . |
| 71 | 70 | Human | BBC | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | Like some drill sergeant from the past, Metal Slug 3 is a wake-up call to today's gamers molly-coddled with slick visuals and fancy trimmings. With its hand-animated sprites and 2D side-scrolling, this was even considered retro when released in arcades four years ago. But a more frantic shooter you will not find at the end of your joypad this year. And yes, that includes Halo 2. Simply choose your grunt and wade through five 2D side-scrolling levels of the most hectic video game blasting you will ever encounter. It is also the toughest game you are likely to play, as hordes of enemies and few lives pile the pressure on. Players must battle soldiers, snowmen, zombies, giant crabs and aliens, not to mention the huge, screen-filling bosses that guard each of the five levels. The shoot-anything-that-moves gameplay is peppered with moments of old-school genius. Fans of robotic gastropods should note the title refers, instead, to the vast array of vehicles on offer in a game stuffed with bizarre hardware. Tanks, jets and submarines can be commandeered, as well as cannon-toting camels, elephants and ostriches - more weaponry on offer than in an acre of Iraq. Doling out justice is a joy thanks to ultra responsive controls, and while this is a tough nut to crack, it is addictive enough to have you gagging for that one last go. And at a mere £20, Metal Slug 3 is as cheap as sliced, fried spuds, as the man says. Of course, most of you will ignore this, lacking as it does the visual fireworks of modern blasters. But at a time when blockbuster titles offer only a fresh lick of paint in favour of real innovation, Metal Slug 3 is a fresh gasp of air from an era when the Xbox was not even a twinkle in Bill Gates' eye. |
| 72 | 71 | Human | BBC | 0.26 | 0.00 | 0.99 | 0.13 | The London Stock Exchange (LSE) is planning to announce a preferred takeover by the end of the month, newspaper reports claim. The Sunday Telegraph said the LSE's plan was further evidence it wants to retain tight control over its destiny. Both Deutsche Boerse and rival Euronext held talks with the London market last week over a possible offer. A £1.3bn offer from Deutsche Boerse has already been rejected, while Euronext has said it will make an all cash bid. Speculation suggests that Paris-based Euronext has the facilities in place to make a bid of £1.4bn, while its German rival may up its bid to the £1.5bn mark. Neither has yet tabled a formal bid, but the LSE is expected to hold further talks with the two parties later this week. However, the Sunday Telegraph report added that there are signs that Deutsche Boerse chief executive Werner Seifert is becoming increasingly impatient with the LSE's managed bid process. Despite insisting he wants to agree a recommended deal with the LSE's board, the newspaper suggested he may pull out of the process and put an offer directly to shareholders instead. The newspaper also claimed Mr Seifert was becoming "increasingly frustrated" with the pace of negotiations since Deutsche Boerse's £1.3bn offer was rejected in mid-December, in particular the LSE's decision to suspend talks over the Christmas period. Meanwhile, the German exchange's offer has come under fire recently. Unions for Deutsche Boerse staff in Frankfurt have reportedly expressed fears that up to 300 jobs would be moved to London if the takeover is successful. Others claim it will weaken the city's status as Europe's financial centre, while German politicians are also said to be angry over the market operator's promise to move its headquarters to London if a bid is successful. A further stumbling block is Deutsche Boerse's control over its Clearstream unit, the clearing house that processes securities transactions. LSE shareholders fear it would create a monopoly situation, weakening the position of shareholders when negotiating lower transaction fees for share dealings. LSE and Euronext do not have control over their clearing and settlement operations, a situation which critics say is more transparent and competitive. |
| 73 | 72 | Human | BBC | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | Turkey 's investment in Iran 's mobile industry looks set to be scrapped after its biggest mobile firm saw its investment there slashed by MPs . Iran 's parliament voted by a large majority to cut Turkcell 's stake in a new mobile network from 70 % to 49 % . The move , which was justified on national security grounds , follows an earlier vote by MPs to give themselves a veto over foreign investments . Turkcell said the decision `` increases the risks '' attached to the project . Although the company 's statement said it would continue to monitor developments , observers said they thought Turkcell was set to pull out of the $ 3bn deal . `` The possibility of carrying out this project is next to zero , '' said Atinc Ozkan , analyst at Finans Investment in Istanbul . If Turkcell does back out , MTN - the South African firm which lost out in the original tender - may well be back in the running . The company has said it is prepared to accept a minority stake if Iran will award it the mobile deal . Turkcell 's mobile deal is the second Turkish investment in Iran to run into trouble . Turkish-Austrian consortium TAV was chosen to build and run Tehran 's new Imam Khomeini International Airport - but the army closed it just hours after it opened in May 2004 . In both cases , the justification has been national security , amid allegations that the Turkish firms are too close to Israel . The hardline posture taken by parliament , which is dominated by religious conservatives , could yet impact other inward investments . |
| 74 | 73 | Human | BBC | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.54 | 0.13 | The government is being naive by refusing to allow phone-tap evidence in court, a senior EU politician says. Javier Solana, EU foreign policy chief, says phone-tap evidence works in the courts of other European countries. Human rights groups, top police officers and many MPs say allowing the evidence would remove the need to detain terror suspects without charge. But Home Secretary Charles Clarke says the evidence would not make much difference to these cases. Mr Solana told ITV1's Jonathan Dimbleby programme: "[Phone-tap evidence in court] works, it is normal that it is done, it would be naive not to do it. "It would be naive not to use this technological thing that we have at our disposal." Mr Solana's comments come the day after Sir Ian Blair, the newly-appointed Metropolitan Police commissioner, said he was in favour of phone-tap evidence. Under the Anti-Terrorism Crimes and Security Act 2001, foreign terror suspects can be detained in British jails without trial or charge. Several suspects have been detained under these powers because evidence against them was deemed too sensitive to be heard in court. Some of this evidence is believed to be telephone intercepts. Human Rights group Liberty has argued that if intercept evidence could be heard, these detainees could be brought to trial. But critics of phone-tap trials say the evidence is often weak and can expose the methods of the security services. The home secretary says intercepts would not make much difference because cases against terror suspects frequently rely on other kinds of surveillance. But Mr Clarke has been forced to change the regime of detention without trial after Law Lords ruled it illegal. He has opted for a system of "control orders" whereby suspects, both British and foreign, can be held under house arrest or surveillance. These orders will again involve a UK opt-out of parts of the European Convention on Human Rights. While accepting that people "have to be prepared" for a possible terrorist attack, Mr Solana said he had "qualms" about the home secretary's new plans. "We have to fight terrorism with all our means, but not so far as to change our way of life," he said. |
| 75 | 74 | Human | BBC | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | Ex-Home Secretary David Blunkett has given fresh clues that the general election will be announced on Monday. He told BBC Radio Five Live: "I'm out in my constituency getting ready for what we presume will be an announcement very shortly at the weekend." He clarified that he meant he would be in his Sheffield seat this weekend, not that he expected an election call then. Tony Blair is tipped to ask the Queen on Monday to dissolve Parliament ready for a 5 May poll. |
| 76 | 75 | Human | BBC | 0.44 | 0.00 | 0.66 | 0.75 | Hollywood star Tom Hanks was in London's Leicester Square for the UK premiere of Polar Express. The West End landmark was turned into a festive landscape complete with snow and carol singers to celebrate the arrival of the animated film. "This is Leicester Square like you've never seen it before," said Hanks, who plays five roles in the movie. Polar Express is based on a children's book which tells the story of a young boy's journey to meet Santa Claus. The 48-year-old actor crossed a three-metre high bridge built in the square, which he said was "almost impossible to get across". Hundreds of fans greeted the star, all wearing Santa hats, and mince pies were on offer. Hanks said that the new film has an "elegant message". "Christmas is a special time of the year and you get out of it what you put into it," added the two-time Academy Award winner. "I believe in the spirit of Christmas and I think that's embodied in Santa Claus," he said. Polar Express uses technology similar to that used in Lord of the Rings to bring Gollum to life. The "performance capture" technique enables Hanks to play a number of roles, including the eight-year-old boy who is at the centre of the story, and Father Christmas. It is directed by Robert Zemeckis, who has previously worked with Hanks on Forrest Gump and Castaway. |
| 77 | 76 | Human | SHP_reddit | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | Well, a product of consequentialism is that via decision theory, you have to go where the evidence leads. Likely they will be loosely related to ethical socialism, but the problem with regular hard left socialist thought is that quite simply, in the field of economics its defenses as anything able to be tried easily in modern day is not very strong. (Assuming that you're not counting social market economies as socialism). That being said, the balance here is that one should still march in that direction, but in a cautious manner that prevents people from emotionally making leaps that are not for the best long term. Since something being ethically preferable does not actually make it realistic, though it will help frame into context what one should look at. Socially one would obviously not consider abstract appeals to freedom to heavily outweigh beneficial societal projects. Though one might disagree about what qualifies here, and more importantly what times one thinks that there's an obvious better answer for. Note that one thing that might set consequentialists apart is that they will look at both what is reasonable to do right now versus what will be in the future, and by extension how to get there. Some things may be for the best in one time period even if once society marches on they are not. Ironically, making marching society forward another important goal, rather than looking only at the present. So there isn't necessarily one true set of laws and economic ideals that always holds true. At the same time, one must still be cautious to not presume one knows more about some hypothetical future state than you have the required gnosis to act in. |
| 78 | 77 | Human | SHP_reddit | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.55 | 0.00 | Have you thought about just watching cooking videos instead of paying for cooking videos? YouTube has pretty much all these lessons and more for free. It's kinda like learning calculus and teaching it to your kids. You're not gonna master it, why pay? |
| 79 | 78 | Human | SHP_reddit | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.06 | 0.00 | I did two postdocs, the first one had 5 applicants, the second was 3 lmao. (Also, both insitutes are great, the 3 applicant one is number 4 in the world for my field... It's just so niche within the field that no one really does it. It's good that whenever I apply it'll probably be less than 10 people, but bad because I only see a handful of jobs per year.) |
| 80 | 79 | Human | SHP_reddit | 0.25 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.13 | Source code is contrasted with compiled code. Computers don't have minds and do not "understand" commands or programs. They are calculating machines that perform various basic logical operations on binary values, and it is up to the programmers to use that in performing higher level logic. For example, the basic logical operations a CPU can perform are AND, OR, NOT, XOR, and NAND. These kinds of things are physically created "gates" within the structure of the CPU. An AND gate will take two inputs and output a signal only if both of the two inputs have a signal on them. An OR gate will provide an output signal if either or both of the inputs has a signal. A NOT gate will provide the opposite output as the input signal. XOR will provide an output signal if only one of the inputs has a signal but not if both do. Finally the NAND gate will provide an output signal if there is no input signal and if either of the two inputs has a signal, but not if both inputs have a signal. As you can see these kinds of basic functions are difficult to work with in creating a complex program without many layers of abstraction. Programmers tend to work using programming languages that summarize and convert combinations of these basic binary operations into a format more easily understood and written by a human. For a computer to do anything with this it needs to be "compiled", a process that takes this readable set of instructions and converts it into a form the CPU can process. The readable set of instructions is the source code while the compiled code is what is actually distributed to end users. Programs exist to try to de-compile programs but context, comments (notes to explain what is being done and why), variable names, formatting, and other things helpful for understanding what a program is doing are not available. For a program that might have 80 million lines of code, not having the source code makes figuring out how things are working behind the scenes quite difficult. |
| 81 | 80 | Human | SHP_reddit | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.18 | 0.00 | Worked two year as a job sites manager for Tunnel boring machine. 1. There is three kind of boring machine, hard rock - EPB - Slurry. 2. All the boring head are flat, those machines are differentiated by the cutting method and material extraction. Edit: why the head could never be conical: the top priority is avoiding the earth/mud to collapse in the machine and being extracted. That is why most head have (EPB/Slurry) have “small” openings on the face with a bigger passage in the middle. There is absolutely not extraction on the periphery, and the head thickness is has small as possible. A conical face would mean scrapped raw material would have to extracted all around the head and the gravity would mean that earth on top of the machine would naturally fall inside the head uncontrolled and just destroy everything on top. It would increase tenfold the torque necessary for rotation, and a 6m flat head is already around 6000kN.m the speed of the machine is partly due to the scraping capacity, but mainly how quickly you can removing the material extracted while controlling that ONLY the material in front of the machine is extracted, control is always more important than speed. There some Japanese machine with large opening and high speed but they really need favorable ground to able to work (only earth, not sand, no water, no rock, stability of the top ground etc, cannot drill too deep. A machine will conical head could not even be able to start boring before collapsing everything. 3. Slurry means you plan to bore mainly in mud, sand or other similar soft with important water penetration. Meeting any kind of big rock is a huge problem as it may destroy all the tooling. The material extraction is done by injecting of a special kind of mud (the slurry) which is injected under pressure inside the first 10cm on the cutting face. It helps at two level, it creates a consistent area of mud for the carbure tool to scrape and create a bubble hermetic to air and water to maintain the cutting area pressure. Maintaining the pressure is very important because he slurry is extracted using a hydraulic circuit with huge pumps (~600kW each) in series which move the mix slurry + mud + sand + small rock on top of the site. If the bubble breaks two possibilities: pressure from the machine was too high, the machine will stop moving but nothing much will happen, pressure from the machine was too low, in that case you may create collapse of the river/building/bridge on top, in worst case scenario you can lose the whole machine and project and cause major building collapse. On top there is slurry traitement plant which extracts the slurry to late re-inject in the circuit. At the bottom of the cutting head is huge rock crusher which reduce most kind of rocks into small pebbles. 3. EPB is the same as slurry but there less or no water involved. Less need to maintain pressure in front. The extract is usually close to atmospheric pressure and there is only a hermetic screw conveyor which both move the raw material and adjust the pressure. The main trick with thing kind of machine is designing the right kind of head, guessing the size of the rock, the chance of meeting a underground water river/lake, the chance a meeting à gaz pocket, the % of sand compare to earth. It will change the size of openings, the types and number of carbure cutters, and type system treatment of the soil. Once the head is fixed, then you have to design the treatment of the soil. Most EPB will use special kind of foam, again it is used to create a small pressure bubble to avoid collapse of all the buildings above (note: most city metro used EPB to bore the tunnel) and avoid creating fronti (total collapse), the foam is also here for protecting the tooling and lubrification in the conveyor screw. EPB Is the most common kind of machine and the cheapest 4. EPB is historically the first type of boring machine. The slurry machine is much more technologically demanding and was created to answer the drilling in high water situation. 5. Hard rock machines are an entirely different beast altogether. The idea there is not to scrap or “cut” the front face. At the start point of the tunnel is created a flat surface of rock which will be used as the initial cutting face. The cutting head is quite full, with hundreds of steel rollers (diameter around 200~250mm) instead of scrapper. Each roller has an individual path on the cutting face and the distance between each path is calculated depending on the type of rock (during functioning the cutting face looks like hundreds of concentrical lines). The aim is to create small rock chips without creating too much dust. The power of the machine is quite low but the head rotation is the highest. Those machines still generate a huge amount of dust and vibrations. Compensation for the vibrations is vey important or the machine will dismantle itself in a few days. The risk when drill in rock is meeting a pocket of gaz or water. Each of those may fill the tunnel in a few minutes and kill everyone. Compare to other boring machine where the apparition is slow and progressive, here invasions are very very sudden. A 6m diameter EPB boring head typically has a torque around 6000kN.m |
| 82 | 81 | Human | SHP_reddit | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.62 | 0.00 | EMDR therapy has huge potential for PTSD. I had severe PTSD at a young age and within 6 months of therapy I had it under control. It's saving lives, especially soldiers returning from war but it's a very versatile type of therapy. |
| 83 | 82 | Human | SHP_reddit | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.32 | 0.00 | Air depends on water so it would be food or water running out. You have to count fuel as well because it is needed to keep the orbit of the ISS from degrading. If you are interested in this topic have a look at the Neal Stephenson novel Seveneves which follows an effort to turn the ISS into a permanent refuge from a disaster on Earth. |
| 84 | 83 | Human | SHP_reddit | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.89 | 0.00 | I’m almost tenured and feel similar. I am making my way out and don’t know how to process this yet. I work with some of the best people I know. It’s going to be a rough transition. I feel you! |
| 85 | 84 | Human | SHP_reddit | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | The thing I picked up on here is how you focus on your conversation partner's research and interests. It's good but don't overdo it - conversations are two way interactions after all. Don't be afraid to share your own interests and opinions and establish common ground. A blank slate isn't an interesting conversation partner. And not all interactions need to go on for ages. Sometimes a quick chat is enough, esp.when mingling with strangers. And finally, often people, even experienced people, are uncomfortable talking to strangers and feel that they're pretty bad at it, so that might also motivate them to leave. Not your fault and nothing to be done about that unfortunately. Source: I'm not an experienced scholar but OK socially :p |
| 86 | 85 | Human | SHP_reddit | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.42 | 0.00 | Marx. Chased out of France, exiled from Belgium, saw journals shut down, constantly censored, et cetera. Eventually he settled down stateless in London working as a journalist for pennies. It's almost cheating to mention Marxists, though, because historical materialism is so married to revolutionary politics. Diderot was imprisoned for criticizing the French state. |
| 87 | 86 | Human | SHP_reddit | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | subject dependent, but my default answer would be: --configurable seating arrangement so you can do rows, a U-shape, a square, small groups, etc. --an easily portable lectern so a prof who likes to stand behind one can have that available (can be useful to hold notes, etc.) --a projection screen --white boards, or even better, idea paint for the walls. Expensive stuff, but I like the idea that students can make notes as part of projects in convenient places. |
| 88 | 87 | Human | SHP_reddit | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.01 | 0.00 | Trends that were already present were then greatly accelerated as it became undeniably obvious that upper-upper-management was grossly incompetent. NASA has had a stagnation problem since W's presidency (or, arguably, much earlier), but we always hoped we could turn it around. But the vacuous nonsense Trump has been spewing and the incompetent micromanaging he has been attempting have been a big nail in the coffin. We haven't had an official administrator in over a year and the temporary administrator has had to directly, publicly refuse POTUS's requests on multiple occasions in the name of mission safety, something no other administrator has ever done or has ever had to do (you don't put a living crew on a rocket's first test launch, dipshit, and when Kennedy gave a date to reach the moon, he didn't just make it up, he actually talked to the experts). So not surprisingly, the effect this has had on morale has been bad and staff has lost confidence in the Legislature's and Executive's abilities to look beyond covering up their own scandals and manage a space program. People are leaving in increasingly large numbers. Myself included. I'm talking to SpaceX and I'll be saying goodbye to NASA in the next few months. It took me several years of focused effort to get in here, and now I'm leaving. Weird feeling. |
| 89 | 88 | Human | SHP_reddit | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.67 | 0.00 | I bought one of these once and now whenever I buy a bag of brown sugar I dump the whole thing in there and seal it up. I've never had it even remotely solidify and I've been doing this for years. |
| 90 | 89 | Human | SHP_reddit | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | It depends on the language. It’s basically what others have already said, but, since you didn’t specify a language, I wanted to add that English scholars tend to be more descriptivist, so English evolves fast, as grammatical “errors” become accepted. Descriptivism roughly means the standard for the language readily accommodates the way speakers form the language. For instance, the philosophy of many dictionary companies in English is to *describe* the meaning of words as they’re used, not to ascribe meaning to them. So, what is considered the English *language* evolves fast. Some other languages, like my native Spanish, have a more prescriptive nature. We have what are called “academies of the language,” which are basically offshoots in almost every Spanish speaking country of the one and only Spanish Royal Academy in Spain. They all *prescribe* or dictate speakers how to speak the language. Actually, the motto of the Royal Academy is to “purify, fix, and dignify” the whole of the Spanish language. So, the standard for Spanish doesn’t really accommodate for *peoplespeak*. Ours is a very slowly evolving language by design, with the elites fixed in their purpose that all Spanish speakers be able to read Cervantes in its original form. That would be like demanding all English speakers abide by Shakespearean English as the standard. |
| 91 | 90 | Human | SHP_reddit | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.16 | 0.00 | Any history of this in your family? Any history of Crohns or Ulcerative colitis? Irritable bowel disease? Do you have any changes in your skin anywhere else aside the legs and the finger / toe blackening and purpura? how did you get the blood blister? What was the prednisone for? have you been tested for hep c? Because a physician has answered and it is an insanely more likely answer, I’ve removed my response. |
| 92 | 91 | Human | SHP_reddit | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.01 | 0.38 | 1. You can still put your phone in the cupholder upside-down. Orientation doesn't matter when you aren't using the phone. 2. If you're at a desk with the phone plugged into your laptop, the phone and the USB are naturally perpendicular to each other so having it at the top vs. the bottom shouldn't make a difference. If you lift the phone up from the desk, the outlet is now below you and it's better to have the port on the bottom. 3. The ergonomics are better only in cases where the outlet is *above* you. The ergonomics are the same if it's in front of you but admittedly you wouldn't need as long of a cord if it were on the top. However, as other commenters have pointed out, 99% of the time, the outlet is below you and the ergnonomics are therefore better if the outlet is below you. You can get away with a shorter cord, and it doesn't get in the way when using/holding the phone. |
| 93 | 92 | Human | SHP_reddit | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | Good rule of thumb, if it has a woody steme you can use it before, if not use it toward the end. So like thyme, oregano, rosemary, marjoram, you can use at the beginning. If it's pleasent enough to bite into you (like thyme) you can also use it at the end. Things like basil, parsley, cilantro use at the end, they basically turn to flavorless mush in cooking. Mint is kind of in between, it can stand up to cooking but it loses the mintiness but retains the other flavors of mint, like making mint chutney you usually do cook the mint a bit to take the toothpaste edge off. Basically the hardier the herbs the better they stand up to cooking, more volatile herbs use at the end and if you aren't sure the volatile ones tend to be annuals so you can look them up. I think dill is really the only exception because it's so strong it works with anything. The same goes for drying. Dried parsley has significant less flavor than dried rosemary, I tend to avoid buying dried herbs like that and stick to dried hardy herbs, especially ones I grow and know are very fresh when drying. |
| 94 | 93 | Human | SHP_reddit | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.70 | 0.00 | This is a great question, and perhaps more complex than it appears. The notion of Appalachian isolation, in a true sense, has been the subject of much debate. Cratis Williams and Wilma Dunaway each contend, to one extent or another, that our idea of complete or mostly complete isolation in Appalachia is, very generally speaking, false. This misapprehension may, perhaps, be laid at the feet of the exploitative media practices which emphasized the idea of an isolated and fundamentally backward Appalachian region through ‘local-color’ pieces and, eventually, film and television for profit. Whatever the reason for the trope, it is quite likely that it is, at best, an exaggeration and over-generalization of the actual state of the region. Dunaway argues that Appalachia has been economically connected to the world (meaning national and international trade) from settlement on. Williams outright states that the average Appalachian homestead was no more isolated than any other frontier settlement. By the time we reach the 19th century, we can be fairly confident that, with some few exceptions, the region was not as isolated as it has been portrayed. We can safely say that parts of the region were more isolated than others - even if the character of that isolation was relative rather than absolute throughout most of the region. . However, this raises an important question: Appalachia is huge! Even limiting it to the mountains of the former confederate South means dealing with a daunting level of diversity. So, where are we talking about? Since you asked about the more isolated hills of Georgia, I’ll address that. But, be aware that what is true of Northeast Georgia is not necessarily true of other parts of the region. . When we speak of the more isolated parts of Appalachian Georgia during the war, we must really discuss Northeast Georgia. The Northwestern part of the state was both more well connected to urban confederate centers (like nearby Chattanooga and Atlanta) and saw a great deal of direct action. I think that we can agree that the central and southern parts of the state, despite also seeing various amounts of action during the war, are neither geographically nor culturally part of Appalachia (difficult as the boundaries of the region can be to define). So, I’ll confine my answer to the Northeast (think: the region near the Ocoee and Oconee rivers that includes Fannin county, Copper Hill, Dahlonega, Helen [of cabbage patch fame], and still more rural locales). . To begin, you’ll want to remember that a more rural area with the sort of ridge and valley topography that is characteristic of Northern Georgia was not well suited to the mass agriculture projects which may initially come to mind when thinking about the confederate south - meaning that large plantations (with many slaves) were not the economic drivers that they were in areas with flatter terrain. When one considers this, as well as the rurality of the region and the hostility with which confederate draft officials were often met there, it is little wonder that residents of the region were less likely to be directly involved in, or materially supportive of, the war (in a large sense) than other Georgians. That isn’t meant to imply that the area was ignorant of the war nor that the people who lived there were uniformly opposed to it. Rural counties in the Northeast still supplied troops and (a smaller amount of) war material to the confederate army. (Though, at a guess, it seems more likely that they were more often supplying those goods that they did send to their fellow Georgians rather than the larger confederate forces given Governor Brown’s tendency to put Georgia and her needs before those of the confederacy.) . In short, it is probably safe to make the general claim that most of the average residents of rural Northeast Georgia were aware of the war and were, collectively via county governments, involved in supporting the war. It is impossible to prove the negative and say that there were no communities or individual households, in either Northeast Georgia or the more broadly constructed Appalachian South, which were ignorant of the conflict. However, given the engagement of even these rural areas on the county and municipal levels, it seems very very unlikely that you would find large pockets of such ignorance of either the war or the area’s secession. . Thanks for the great question! For good arguments about Appalachian connections to international trade (and therefore a refutation of the notion of a more absolute regional isolation), Dunaway’s The First American Frontier is a good read. Likewise, just about anything you find by Williams is worth reading, though his The Southern Mountaineer In Fact And Fiction, and the excerpted “Who Are The Southern Mountaineers?” are great (if more than a bit dated now). A good bit of follow up reading on the war in Northeast Georgia should probably include Sarris’ A Seperate Civil War. |
| 95 | 94 | Human | SHP_reddit | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.69 | 0.00 | Seems like career suicide to me, but ultimately you need to do what it takes to be happy. The trouble is even if you're a great candidate, departments don't often have open positions that you fit. You could be lucky, or you could wait years and it won't be easy (perhaps impossible) to maintain a research program in the meantime. |
| 96 | 95 | Human | SHP_reddit | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.02 | 0.00 | Assuming property tax is the same as council tax Would you mean that's the upper limit or that's the new price? Me and my partner own our home together and our council tax (your property tax) is 1750 a year Our combined earnings are 42,000 (before tax) so does that mean my council tax would more than double under the new plan? Because we have about 50quid left over at the end of the month as it is |
| 97 | 96 | Human | SHP_reddit | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.52 | 0.13 | After reading/lurking, and then commenting here and there on AskHistorians for the better part of 6 years, I'm eager to put in an application for flair! I've popped up occasionally on medieval European history, but I don't consider myself an expert in that. Rather, I'll be graduating very soon with a degree in History and Politics, having focused on more recent nation/statebuilding, development, and political thought. My expertise lies with post-WWII histories of decolonisation, international organisations, and global economic and political developments (especially as they relate to neoliberalism). I'm most confident with Southeast Asia and sub-Saharan Africa - nonetheless these themes are often global and difficult to bound in space and time. Flair-wise, something like '20th c. Development & Neoliberalism' could work, encompassing themes like human rights to structural adjustment and relevant international bodies. If possible, I'll request a second flair of Modern/20th c. Singapore (Southeast Asia might be too ambitious) - there are some relevant comments I haven't linked below. Selected answers from the last couple of months, with some being multi-parters: *Development/Neoliberalism* "Did President Carter's deregulation efforts signal a "neoliberal" or "Third Way" Democratic positioning before President Clinton?" (history of econ. thought; some interesting discussion with another user too) "What caused so many recreational drugs to become illegal in the past century, and why is that illegality an international norm?" (history of development, international organisations) "Historians say that American Conservativism began with Buckley and associates in the 1940s, but what does this mean? Hasn’t about half of America always been "conservative"? Hasn’t a philosophy of small government, individuality, and capitalism been pretty fundamental to America since its beginning?"(history of political thought, a little on neoliberalism) Saturday Showcase on Singapore's Housing History (urban, development history; Singapore) *Singapore/Southeast Asia* "Sweden's involvement in the Indonesian invasion of East Timor?" (decolonisation; Southeast Asia) "Effect of colonialism to nationalism in the South East Asia "new countries"?" (decolonisation, nation-building in Southeast Asia; focused on Singapore and Indonesia) "What was the battle of Singapore like for Singaporean citizens?" (Singaporean archives) I'm also quite interested in historical methods and the study of history itself, both in terms of interdisciplinary approaches and the use of history in the practice of politics. Some of my answers/comments reflect this, but I don't think this is particularly flair-worthy. Always happy to keep provide reading recommendations too! E. Edit: Hope it's fine to insert another two answers since I'm trying for two flairs! |
| 98 | 97 | Human | SHP_reddit | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.44 | 0.00 | Be experimental amd physical with it, if you're passionate show you are, my grade 11 physics teacher was the kind of guy to jump on the desks and blast air guns at you, and he's the reason I'm in engineering now, my grade 12 teacher stood there and talked, and my mark was significantly lower because of it |
| 99 | 98 | Human | SHP_reddit | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.81 | 0.00 | I know money is a concern but he needs to go to the emergency vet. DO NOT PULL ON THE STRING. Try applying for care credit and asking if they have other financial options available. Some hospitals take scratch pay. |
| 100 | 99 | Human | SHP_reddit | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.96 | 0.00 | How about a cask aged barleywine? I had a glass of barleywine recently and it tasted so complex, kinda making me think of brandy, which is often used to flavor mushrooms. |
| 101 | 100 | Human | SHP_reddit | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | My PhD advisor leaves at least 100 comments to any of my works. He also corrections my English and the way I express myself since it is not my first language and I am still getting used to using it. My other collaborators leave less comments but all of them are aimd to make my work, our work better. These days I am also often asked to leaves my comments on other people's papers so I have been on the other side of the barricade too. Actually if I don't leave a comment, I feel useless... My anxiety in the beginning turn into understand that it's not about me, it's about the science, it needs to be about the science. This is how may perspective evolved, maybe it can be helpful 😊 |