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esp-idf/examples/system/console/advanced/README.md

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Supported Targets ESP32 ESP32-C2 ESP32-C3 ESP32-C5 ESP32-C6 ESP32-H2 ESP32-P4 ESP32-S2 ESP32-S3

Console Example

(See the README.md file in the upper level 'examples' directory for more information about examples.)

This example illustrates the usage of the Console Component to create an interactive shell on the ESP32. The interactive shell running on the ESP32 can then be controlled/interacted with over a serial port (UART).

The interactive shell implemented in this example contains a wide variety of commands, and can act as a basis for applications that require a command-line interface (CLI).

How to use example

Hardware Required

This example should be able to run on any commonly available ESP32 development board.

Configure the project

idf.py menuconfig
  • Enable/disable Example Configuration > Store command history in flash as necessary

Build and Flash

Build the project and flash it to the board, then run monitor tool to view serial output:

idf.py -p PORT flash monitor

(Replace PORT with the name of the serial port to use.)

(To exit the serial monitor, type Ctrl-].)

See the Getting Started Guide for full steps to configure and use ESP-IDF to build projects.

Example Output

Enter the help command get a full list of all available commands. The following is a sample session of the Console Example where a variety of commands provided by the Console Example are used. Note that GPIO15 is connected to GND to remove the boot log output.

This is an example of ESP-IDF console component.
Type 'help' to get the list of commands.
Use UP/DOWN arrows to navigate through command history.
Press TAB when typing command name to auto-complete.
[esp32]> help
help
  Print the list of registered commands

free
  Get the total size of heap memory available

restart
  Restart the program

deep_sleep  [-t <t>] [--io=<n>] [--io_level=<0|1>]
  Enter deep sleep mode. Two wakeup modes are supported: timer and GPIO. If no
  wakeup option is specified, will sleep indefinitely.
  -t, --time=<t>  Wake up time, ms
      --io=<n>  If specified, wakeup using GPIO with given number
  --io_level=<0|1>  GPIO level to trigger wakeup

join  [--timeout=<t>] <ssid> [<pass>]
  Join WiFi AP as a station
  --timeout=<t>  Connection timeout, ms
        <ssid>  SSID of AP
        <pass>  PSK of AP

[esp32]> free
257200
[esp32]> deep_sleep -t 1000
I (146929) deep_sleep: Enabling timer wakeup, timeout=1000000us
I (619) heap_init: Initializing. RAM available for dynamic allocation:
I (620) heap_init: At 3FFAE2A0 len 00001D60 (7 KiB): DRAM
I (626) heap_init: At 3FFB7EA0 len 00028160 (160 KiB): DRAM
I (645) heap_init: At 3FFE0440 len 00003BC0 (14 KiB): D/IRAM
I (664) heap_init: At 3FFE4350 len 0001BCB0 (111 KiB): D/IRAM
I (684) heap_init: At 40093EA8 len 0000C158 (48 KiB): IRAM

This is an example of ESP-IDF console component.
Type 'help' to get the list of commands.
Use UP/DOWN arrows to navigate through command history.
Press TAB when typing command name to auto-complete.
[esp32]> join --timeout 10000 test_ap test_password
I (182639) connect: Connecting to 'test_ap'
I (184619) connect: Connected
[esp32]> free
212328
[esp32]> restart
I (205639) restart: Restarting
I (616) heap_init: Initializing. RAM available for dynamic allocation:
I (617) heap_init: At 3FFAE2A0 len 00001D60 (7 KiB): DRAM
I (623) heap_init: At 3FFB7EA0 len 00028160 (160 KiB): DRAM
I (642) heap_init: At 3FFE0440 len 00003BC0 (14 KiB): D/IRAM
I (661) heap_init: At 3FFE4350 len 0001BCB0 (111 KiB): D/IRAM
I (681) heap_init: At 40093EA8 len 0000C158 (48 KiB): IRAM

This is an example of ESP-IDF console component.
Type 'help' to get the list of commands.
Use UP/DOWN arrows to navigate through command history.
Press TAB when typing command name to auto-complete.
[esp32]>

Troubleshooting

Line Endings

The line endings in the Console Example are configured to match particular serial monitors. Therefore, if the following log output appears, consider using a different serial monitor (e.g. Putty for Windows) or modify the example's UART configuration.

This is an example of ESP-IDF console component.
Type 'help' to get the list of commands.
Use UP/DOWN arrows to navigate through command history.
Press TAB when typing command name to auto-complete.
Your terminal application does not support escape sequences.
Line editing and history features are disabled.
On Windows, try using Putty instead.
esp32>

Example Breakdown

Configuring UART

The initialize_console() function in the example configures some aspects of UART relevant to the operation of the console.

  • Line Endings: The default line endings are configured to match those expected/generated by common serial monitor programs, such as screen, minicom, and the esp-idf-monitor included in the SDK. The default behavior for these commands are:
    • When 'enter' key is pressed on the keyboard, CR (0x13) code is sent to the serial device.
    • To move the cursor to the beginning of the next line, serial device needs to send CR LF (0x13 0x10) sequence.

Line editing

The main source file of the example illustrates how to use linenoise library, including line completion, hints, and history.

Commands

Several commands are registered using esp_console_cmd_register() function. See the register_wifi() and register_system() functions in cmd_wifi.c and cmd_system.c files.

Command handling

Main loop inside app_main() function illustrates how to use linenoise and esp_console_run() to implement read/eval loop.

Argument parsing

Several commands implemented in cmd_wifi.c and cmd_system.c use the Argtable3 library to parse and check the arguments.

Command history

Each time a new command line is obtained from linenoise, it is written into history and the history is saved into a file in flash memory. On reset, history is initialized from that file.