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# Implementation of USB DFU device in Python.
# TODO:
# - use usb_rx_buf also for TX
# - get it working on Pico without having to enable UART REPL
# - add more comments
# - document how to run it on a Pico
import struct, machine
# USB constants for bmRequestType.
USB_REQ_RECIP_INTERFACE = 0x01
USB_REQ_TYPE_CLASS = 0x20
USB_DIR_OUT = 0x00
USB_DIR_IN = 0x80
# String describing the memory layout of the DFU device.
MEMORY_LAYOUT = b"@Internal Flash /0x08000000/16*128Kg"
# VID and PID of the DFU device (these are the ST values).
VID = 0x0483
PID = 0xdf11
_desc_dev = bytes([
0x12, # bLength
0x01, # bDescriptorType: Device
0x00, 0x02, # USB version: 2.00
0x00, # bDeviceClass
0x00, # bDeviceSubClass
0x00, # bDeviceProtocol
0x40, # bMaxPacketSize
VID & 0xff, VID >> 8 & 0xff, # VID
PID & 0xff, PID >> 8 & 0xff, # PID
0x00, 0x01, # bcdDevice: 1.00
0x11, # iManufacturer
0x12, # iProduct
0x13, # iSerialNumber
0x01, # bNumConfigurations: 1
])
_desc_cfg = bytes([
# Configuration Descriptor.
0x09, # bLength
0x02, # bDescriptorType
0x1B, 0x00, # wTotalLength: 27
0x01, # bNumInterfaces
0x01, # bConfigurationValue
0x00, # iConfiguration
0x80, # bmAttributes (bus powered)
0x32, # bMaxPower
# Interface Descriptor.
0x09, # bLength
0x04, # bDescriptorType
0x00, # bInterfaceNumber
0x00, # bNumEndpointns
0x00, # bAlternateSetting
0xFE, # bInterfaceClass: application specific interface
0x01, # bInterfaceSubClasse: device firmware update
0x02, # bInterfaceProtocol
0x14, # iInterface
# Device Firmware Upgrade Interface Descriptor.
0x09, # bLength
0x21, # bDescriptorType
0x0B, # bmAttributes (will detach, upload supported, download supported)
0xFF, 0x00, # wDetatchTimeout
0x00, 0x08, # wTransferSize
0x1A, 0x01, # bcdDFUVersion
])
_desc_strs = {
0x11: b"iManufacturer",
0x12: b"iProduct",
0x13: b"iSerialNumber",
0x14: MEMORY_LAYOUT,
}
# USB buffer for transfers.
usb_rx_buf = bytearray(2048) # corresponds to wTransferSize in _desc_cfg
def _open_itf_cb(interface_desc_view):
print("_open_itf_cb", bytes(interface_desc_view))
# prepare to receive first data packet on the OUT endpoint
#usbd.submit_xfer(EP_OUT, buf_out)
def _reset_cb():
print("_reset_cb")
def _control_xfer_cb(stage, request):
bmRequestType, bRequest, wValue, wIndex, wLength = struct.unpack("<BBHHH", request)
#print("_control_xfer_cb", stage, bmRequestType, bRequest, wValue, wIndex, wLength)
if stage == 1: # SETUP
if bmRequestType == USB_DIR_OUT | USB_REQ_TYPE_CLASS | USB_REQ_RECIP_INTERFACE:
# Data coming from host, prepare to receive it.
return memoryview(usb_rx_buf)[:wLength]
if bmRequestType == USB_DIR_IN | USB_REQ_TYPE_CLASS | USB_REQ_RECIP_INTERFACE:
# Host requests data, prepare to send it.
return dfu.handle_tx(bRequest, wValue, wLength)
elif stage == 3: # ACK
if bmRequestType & USB_DIR_IN:
# EP0 TX sent.
dfu.process()
else:
# EP0 RX ready.
dfu.handle_rx(bRequest, wValue, wLength)
return True
class DFU:
# DFU class requests
DETACH = 0
DNLOAD = 1
UPLOAD = 2
GETSTATUS = 3
CLRSTATUS = 4
GETSTATE = 5
ABORT = 6
# DFU States
STATE_IDLE = 2
STATE_BUSY = 4
STATE_DNLOAD_IDLE = 5
STATE_MANIFEST = 7
STATE_UPLOAD_IDLE = 9
STATE_ERROR = 0xA
# Commands
CMD_NONE = 0
CMD_EXIT = 1
CMD_UPLOAD = 7
CMD_DNLOAD = 8
#
CMD_DNLOAD_SET_ADDRESS = 0x21
CMD_DNLOAD_ERASE = 0x41
CMD_DNLOAD_READ_UNPROTECT = 0x92
# Error status flags
STATUS_OK = 0x00
def __init__(self):
self.state = DFU.STATE_IDLE
self.cmd = DFU.CMD_NONE
self.status = DFU.STATUS_OK
self.error = 0
self.leave_dfu = False
self.addr = 0
def handle_rx(self, cmd, arg, len):
if cmd == DFU.CLRSTATUS:
self.state = DFU.STATE_IDLE
self.cmd = DFU.CMD_NONE
self.status = DFU.STATUS_OK
self.error = 0
elif cmd == DFU.ABORT:
self.state = DFU.STATE_IDLE
self.cmd = DFU.CMD_NONE
self.status = DFU.STATUS_OK
self.error = 0
elif cmd == DFU.DNLOAD:
if len == 0:
# exit DFU
self.cmd = DFU.CMD_EXIT
else:
# download
self.cmd = DFU.CMD_DNLOAD;
#self.wBlockNum = arg;
#self.wLength = len;
#memcpy(self.buf, usb_rx_buf, len)
def handle_tx(self, cmd, arg, max_len):
if cmd == DFU.UPLOAD:
if arg >= 2:
self.cmd = DFU.CMD_UPLOAD
addr = (arg - 2) * max_len + self.addr
#self.do_read(self.addr, max_len)
return b"a" * max_len
return None
elif cmd == DFU.GETSTATUS and max_len == 6:
if self.cmd == DFU.CMD_NONE:
pass
elif self.cmd == DFU.CMD_EXIT:
self.state = DFU.STATE_MANIFEST
elif self.cmd == DFU.CMD_UPLOAD:
self.state = DFU.STATE_UPLOAD_IDLE
elif self.cmd == DFU.CMD_DNLOAD:
self.state = DFU.STATE_BUSY
else:
self.state = DFU.STATE_BUSY
buf = bytes([self.status, 0, 0, 0, self.state, self.error])
# clear errors now they've been sent to host
self.status = DFU.STATUS_OK
self.error = 0
return buf
else:
return None
def process(self):
#print('process')
if self.state == DFU.STATE_MANIFEST:
#print('manifest')
self.leave_dfu = True
elif self.state == DFU.STATE_BUSY:
if self.cmd == DFU.CMD_DNLOAD:
#print('dnload')
self.cmd = DFU.CMD_NONE
self.state = self.process_dnload()
def process_dnload(self):
# TODO
return DFU.STATE_DNLOAD_IDLE
dfu = DFU()
usbd = machine.USBDevice()
usbd.active(0)
usbd.builtin_driver = usbd.BUILTIN_NONE
usbd.config(
desc_dev=_desc_dev,
desc_cfg=_desc_cfg,
desc_strs=_desc_strs,
open_itf_cb=_open_itf_cb,
reset_cb=_reset_cb,
control_xfer_cb=_control_xfer_cb,
)
usbd.active(1)

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import machine
VID = 0xF055
PID = 0x9999
EP_OUT = 0x01
EP_IN = 0x81
_descriptor_device = bytes([
0x12, # bLength
0x01, # bDescriptorType: Device
0x00, 0x02, # USB version: 2.00
0xFF, # bDeviceClass: vendor
0x00, # bDeviceSubClass
0x01, # bDeviceProtocol
0x40, # bMaxPacketSize
VID & 0xff, VID >> 8 & 0xff, # VID
PID & 0xff, PID >> 8 & 0xff, # PID
0x00, 0x01, # bcdDevice: 1.00
0x11, # iManufacturer
0x12, # iProduct
0x13, # iSerialNumber
0x01, # bNumConfigurations: 1
])
_descriptor_config = bytes([
# Configuration Descriptor.
0x09, # bLength
0x02, # bDescriptorType: configuration
0x20, 0x00, # wTotalLength: 32
0x01, # bNumInterfaces
0x01, # bConfigurationValue
0x14, # iConfiguration
0xA0, # bmAttributes
0x96, # bMaxPower
# Interface Descriptor.
0x09, # bLength
0x04, # bDescriptorType: interface
0x00, # bInterfaceNumber
0x00, # bAlternateSetting
0x02, # bNumEndpoints
0xFF, # bInterfaceClass
0x03, # bInterfaceSubClass
0x00, # bInterfaceProtocol
0x15, # iInterface
# Endpoint IN1.
0x07, # bLength
0x05, # bDescriptorType: endpoint
EP_IN, # bEndpointAddress
0x03, # bmAttributes: interrupt
0x40, 0x00, # wMaxPacketSize
0x0A, # bInterval
# Endpoint OUT1.
0x07, # bLength
0x05, # bDescriptorType: endpoint
EP_OUT, # bEndpointAddress
0x02, # bmAttributes: bulk
0x40, 0x00, # wMaxPacketSize
0x00, # bInterval
])
class descr_strings:
def __getitem__(self, value):
print('get', value)
if value == 0:
return None#b'\x04\x03\x09\x04'
return b'test'
_descriptor_strings_dict = {
#0x00: b'\x04\x03\x09\x04',
0x11: b"iManufacturer",
0x12: b"iProduct",
0x13: b"iSerial",
0x14: b"iInterface",
0x15: b"iInterface",
}
_descriptor_strings_list = [
None,#b'\x04\x03\x09\x04',
b'a01',
b'a02',
b'a03',
b'a04',
b'a05',
b'a06',
b'a07',
b'a010',
b'a011',
b'a012',
b'a013',
b'a014',
b'a015',
b'a016',
b'a017',
b'a020',
b'a021',
b'a022',
b'a023',
b'a024',
b'a025',
b'a026',
b'a027',
]
def _open_itf_cb(interface_desc_view):
print("_open_itf_cb", bytes(interface_desc_view))
# prepare to receive first data packet on the OUT endpoint
usbd.submit_xfer(EP_OUT, buf_out)
def _reset_cb():
print("_reset_cb")
def _control_xfer_cb(stage, request):
print("_control_xfer_cb", stage, bytes(request))
def _xfer_cb(ep_addr, result, xferred_bytes):
print("_xfer_cb", ep_addr, result, xferred_bytes)
if ep_addr == EP_OUT:
# Received data.
print(buf_out)
# Echo data back.
usbd.submit_xfer(EP_IN, buf_out[:xferred_bytes])
elif ep_addr == EP_IN:
# Host got our data.
usbd.submit_xfer(EP_OUT, buf_out)
buf_out = bytearray(64)
usbd = machine.USBDevice()
usbd.builtin_driver = usbd.BUILTIN_NONE
usbd.config(
_descriptor_device,
_descriptor_config,
#descr_strings(),
#_descriptor_strings_dict,
_descriptor_strings_list,
open_itf_cb=_open_itf_cb,
reset_cb=_reset_cb,
control_xfer_cb=_control_xfer_cb,
xfer_cb=_xfer_cb,
)
usbd.active(1)

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#!/usr/bin/env python3
import sys
import usb.core
import usb.util
VID = 0xF055
PID = 0x9999
EP_IN = 0x81 # in to host
EP_OUT = 0x01 # out from host
def main():
dev = usb.core.find(idVendor=VID, idProduct=PID)
if dev is None:
print("No USB device found")
sys.exit(1)
# dev.set_configuration()
usb.util.claim_interface(dev, 0)
# Read the device's strings.
for i in range(0x11, 0x16):
print(f"str{i}:", usb.util.get_string(dev, i))
# Test writing to the device.
ret = dev.write(EP_OUT, b"01234567", timeout=1000)
print(ret)
print(dev.read(EP_IN, 64))
usb.util.release_interface(dev, 0)
usb.util.dispose_resources(dev)
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()